La alteración de la imagen corporal en los trastornos de la alimentación: Un meta-análisis

Abstract

The results of a meta-analytic study on the nature of body image distortion associated with eating disorders are reported. They were admitted in the study 83 independent primary studies, published between 1970 and 1998, that fulfilled the previously established selective criteria. The studies produced 238 estimations of the effect size, measured as d index. The degree of distortion of the image was 0.545 for anorexia, 1.019 for bulimia, and 1.185 for bulimarexia. However, the analysis reveal a large heterogeneity across studies. The factor more frequently associated is the way the disturbance is assessed. The attitude measures, involving cognitive-affective components, show larger average values than the perceptual measures. The influence of other moderating variables was also analysed, as the type of instruction, patient status, diagnosis procedure, etc. Alternative explanations of the findings and clinical implications are discussed.