The Management Theory Jungle Revisited

Abstract

The various schools of or approaches to management theory that I iden- tified nearly two decades ago, and called "the management theory jungle," are reconsidered. What is found now are eleven distinct ap- proaches, compared to the original six, implying that the "jungle" may be getting more dense and impenetrable. However, certain developments are occurring which indicate that we may be moving more than people think toward a unified and practical theory of management.