Patellar instability

Abstract

The evaluation and management of patellofemoral instability is complex and multifactorial. Variability in patient symptoms and the pathology of the underlying bony and soft tissue make it difficult to form precise treatment guidelines and recommendations for individual patients. Risk stratification through recognition of key anatomic and biomechanical factors, functional ability, and patient-specific goals is critical for selection of nonoperative versus operative treatment. This chapter presents a comprehensive approach to the work-up and treatment of patellofemoral instability. Our goal is to integrate anatomy, biomechanics, clinical examination, and imaging studies to guide physicians toward evidence-based recommendations.