Piracy . When does a successful criminal business model become a political priority to defeat?

Abstract

Executive Summary Piracy is not an ectopic phenomenon, rather one where states are forced to address the challenge either collectively or individually. Thus, piracy should be viewed as a microcosm of transnational crime. Its ability to function as a cogent business model relies on five interconnected factors: relative political and economic instability, illicit financial gain, lacing deterrence and security, vulnerable shipping practises and ineffective legal implementation. These factors dispel the assertion that poverty is the leading catalyst of piracy alone; instead examining why certain populations embrace piracy rather than other criminal ventures. It is in fact the coalescence of poverty with high risk factors as a consequence of operating in the maritime environment, all of which determine the allure and viability of piracy. Fundamentally, piratical symptoms are a consequence of a failing state or region, and its existence can be used as a clear indicator of a fractured civil society. The business model for piracy differs from other crimes due to the array of factors. Prevalently, piracy remains a land-based activity extended to the maritime domain, and can be targeted with correct application of resources and political perseverance. This is a classic ‘wicked problem’, requiring a comprehensive approach, but with a propensity to change. 2