PURPOSE: Given the prominence of central vision in humans, it has been assumed that visual signals from the fovea dominate emmetropization. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of peripheral vision on emmetropization. METHODS:…
Optometry
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PURPOSE: To demonstrate the power vector method of representing and analyzing spherocylindrical refractive errors. SETTING: School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA. METHODS: Manifest and keratometric refractive errors were…
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INTRODUCTION: This study aims to understand off-axis refraction during accommodation and to identify whether the relative hyperopia generally observed in myopic eyes changes with accommodation. METHOD: Twenty bilateral myopes (18 to 33 years)…
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The relationship between corneal edema and hydrogel lens oxygen transmissibility was examined for both daily and extended contact lens wear by measuring the corneal swelling response induced by a variety of contact lenses over a 36-hr wearing…
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PURPOSE: Corneal infiltrates are commonly observed during adverse reactions associated with contact lens wear. Broad ranges of presentations are encountered, and there is no well-established classification system. The aim of this paper is to…
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PURPOSE: Subjective measurement of the oculomotor deviation at both distance and near is a standard test in optometric practice. A number of procedures are available to the practitioner, and previous studies have demonstrated differences in the…
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PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether symptoms of dryness and discomfort are experienced differently with silicone hydrogel lenses compared to conventional hydrogels, in symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects. METHODS:…
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PURPOSE: To benchmark the performance of new-generation silicone hydrogel contact lenses in terms of their in vivo hydration characteristics and to highlight the possible clinical ramifications of any changes observed. METHODS: Thirteen subjects…
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As with other organs, the eye's growth is regulated by homeostatic control mechanisms. Unlike other organs, the eye relies on vision as a principal input to guide growth. In this review, we consider several implications of this visual guidance.…
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The aim of the DEWS Definition and Classification Subcommittee was to provide a contemporary definition of dry eye disease, supported within a comprehensive classification framework. A new definition of dry eye was developed to reflect current…
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It has been suggested that emmetropic and low-hyperopic eyes in which the refractive error in the periphery of the visual field is relatively hyperopic with respect to the axial refraction may be at greater risk of developing myopia than eyes with…
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PURPOSE: To evaluate refractive error, axial length, and relative peripheral refractive error before, during the year of, and after the onset of myopia in children who became myopic compared with emmetropes. METHODS: Subjects were 605 children 6 to…
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PURPOSE: To evaluate the relation between ocular shape and refractive error in children. METHODS: Ocular shape was assessed by measuring relative peripheral refractive error (the difference between the spherical equivalent cycloplegic autorefraction…
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PURPOSE: To compare the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the Mars Letter Contrast Sensitivity (CS) Test to the Pelli-Robson CS Chart. METHODS: One eye of 47 normal control subjects, 27 patients with open-angle glaucoma, and 17 with…
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PURPOSE: The Mars Letter Contrast Sensitivity Test (initially known as the Lighthouse Letter Contrast Sensitivity Test) is similar in design to the Pelli-Robson Test but may offer several advantages. This study evaluates the repeatability of the…
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PURPOSE: Short-term changes in corneal staining and ocular symptoms were assessed at defined intervals to evaluate combinations of three soft lenses and four multipurpose solutions. METHODS: A series of pilot studies were conducted over 11 months…
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PURPOSE: The Hiding Heidi (HH) test and the LEA low-contrast symbols are two commercially available charts of contrast sensitivity (CS) for children. However, there are no published normal data and no indication of how CS measured by these charts…
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Peripheral refractive error degrades the quality of retinal images and has been hypothesized to be a stimulus for the development of refractive error. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in refractive error across the horizontal…
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PURPOSE: Because of the prominence of central vision in primates, it has generally been assumed that signals from the fovea dominate refractive development. To test this assumption, the authors determined whether an intact fovea was essential for…
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Peripheral refractions were measured to 35 degrees eccentricity using a free-space autorefractor in young adult emmetropic and myopic subjects. Refractions were measured along horizontal and vertical visual fields for 116 subjects and a 43 subject…
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