The principles governing the application of the conceptual model technique to river flow forecasting are discussed. The necessity for a systematic approach to the development and testing of the model is explained and some preliminary ideas suggested.
Hydrology
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The science of hydrology is on the threshold of major advances, driven by new hydrologic measurements, new methods for analyzing hydrologic data, and new approaches to modeling hydrologic systems. Here I suggest several promising directions forward,…
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Field studies in watershed hydrology continue to characterize and catalogue the enormous heterogeneity and complexity of rainfall runoff processes in more and more watersheds, in different hydroclimatic regimes, and at different scales.…
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This essay discusses some of the issues involved in the identification and predictions of hydrological models given some calibration data. The reasons for the incompleteness of traditional calibration methods are discussed. The argument is made that…
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This Summary for Policymakers should be cited as: IPCC, 2007: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate…
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A Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) has been developed. Its purpose is to ingest satellite- and ground-based observational data products, using advanced land surface modeling and data assimilation techniques, in order to generate optimal…
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The paper intends to review the current status of low-flow hydrology - a discipline which deals with minimum flow in a river during the dry periods of the year. The discussion starts with the analysis of low-flow generating mechanisms operating in…
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Drainage basins in many parts of the world are ungauged or poorly gauged, and in some cases existing measurement networks are declining. The problem is compounded by the impacts of human-induced changes to the land surface and climate, occur-ring at…
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This paper summarizes results from the Distributed Model Intercomparison Project (DMIP) study. DMIP simulations from twelve different models are compared with both observed streamflow and lumped model simulations. The lumped model simulations were…
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Operational flood management and warning requires the delivery of timely and accurate forecasts. The use of distributed and physically based forecasting models can provide improved streamflow forecasts. However, for operational modelling there is a…
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The statistics of extremes have played an important role in engineering practice for water resources design and management. How recent developments in the statistical theory of extreme values can be applied to improve the rigor of hydrologic…
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Hydrologic Implications of Dynamical and Statistical Approaches to Downscaling Climate Model OutputsSix approaches for downscaling climate model outputs for use in hydrologic simulation were evaluated, with particular emphasis on each method's ability to produce precipitation and other variables used to drive a macroscale hydrology model applied…
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Human activities exert global-scale impacts on our environment with significant implications for freshwater-driven services and hazards for humans and nature. Our approach to the science of hydrology needs to significantly change so that we can…
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Various techniques are available to quantify recharge; however, choosing appropriate techniques is often difficult. Important considerations in choosing a technique include space/time scales, range, and reliability of recharge estimates based on…
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The time it takes for rainfall to travel through a catchment and reach the stream is a fundamental hydraulic parameter that controls the retention of soluble contaminants and thus the downstream consequences of pollution episodes. Catchments with…
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One of the more important questions in hydrology is: if the climate warms in the future, will there be an intensification of the water cycle and, if so, the nature of that intensification? There is considerable interest in this question because an…
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Water fluxes in catchments are controlled by physical processes and material properties that are complex, heterogeneous, and poorly characterized by direct measurement. As a result, parsimonious theories of catchment hydrology remain elusive. Here I…
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There is increasing consensus in the hydrologic literature that an appropriate framework for streamflow forecasting and simulation should include explicit recognition of forcing and parameter and model structural error. This paper presents a novel…
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Future directions for physically based, distributed-parameter models intended for use as hydrologic components of sediment and nutrient transport models are discussed. The attraction of these models is their potential to provide information about…
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Water movement in upland humid watersheds from the soil surface to the stream is often described using the concept of translatory flow(1,2), which assumes that water entering the soil as precipitation displaces the water that was present previously,…
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ProfessorUniversidad Nacional de Colombia -
Student (Postgraduate)Hobart, Australia -
Ph.D. StudentAustralian National University -
Student (Master)Freiberg, Germany -
Assistant ProfessorPontificia Universidad Javeriana