Nanomechanical resonators can now be realized that achieve fundamental resonance frequencies exceeding 1 GHz, with quality factors (Q) in the range 1,000 - 100,000. The minuscule active masses of these devices, in conjunction with their high Qs,…
(Sub-)Surface Sensing Technologies and Systems
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Sensors based on nanoelectromechanical systems vibrating at high and ultrahigh frequencies are capable of levels of performance that surpass those of larger sensors. Nanoelectromechanical devices have achieved unprecedented sensitivity in the…
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We further develop local mech. spectroscopy and extend the frequency range over which it can be used. Using a heterodyne method to measure the deflection of the cantilever enables one to measure the probe vibration at any frequency. Since the…
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We have demonstrated high-sensitivity detection of bacteria using an array of bulk micromachined resonant cantilevers. The biological sensor is a micromechanical oscillator that consists of an array of silicon-nitride cantilevers with an immobilized…
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Highly sensitive and sequence-specific DNA sensors were fabricated based on silicon nanowires (SiNWs) with single stranded (ss) probe DNA molecules covalently immobilized on the nanowire surfaces. Label-free complementary (target) ss-DNA in sample…
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Tapping-mode atomic force microscopy ~TM-AFM! is a powerful tool to study soft biological samples. Higher eigenmodes of the vibrating cantilever offer enhanced signal and smaller time constants increasing the sensitivity of the tapping probe as…
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Recent progress in microsystem technologies for creating small, integrated and reliable microelectronic devices and microtransducers in combination with biological sensing elements has raised the expectation to get a comprehensive insight into…
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It is now widely accepted that skin sensitivity will be very important for future robots used by humans in daily life for housekeeping and entertainment purposes. Despite this fact, relatively little progress has been made in the field of pressure…
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Carbon nanotubes have aroused great interest since their discovery in 1991. Because of the vast potential of these materials, researchers from diverse disciplines have come together to further develop our understanding of the fundamental properties…
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Recently scanning probe microscopy has made tremendous progress in imaging organic molecules with high lateral resolution. Atoms and bonds within individual molecules have been clearly resolved, indicating the exciting potential of this technique…
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An important application of piezoelectric materials is for tactile sensing. For non-planar applications, polymer materials offer the potential to provide flexible tactile sensors conforming to a variety of surface geometries. We have demonstrated a…
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Since the first application of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon for sensing almost two decades ago, this method has made great strides both in terms of instrumentation development and applications. SPR sensor technology has been…
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The electrical properties of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on metal surfaces have been explored for a series of molecules to address the relation between the behavior of a molecule and its structure. We probed interfacial electron transfer…
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This review attempts to recount, from my perspective, some of the science and technology highlights (and pitfalls) that fueled the nanoscience and nanotechnology revolutionan odyssey of sort on nanoscale measurements and manipulation. Seminal papers…
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Electron tunneling through self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) composed of either unsaturated or saturated molecules was investigated using conducting probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM). SAMs of unsaturated oligophenylene thiolates or saturated…
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The use of microsensors for in-field monitoring of environmental parameters is gaining interest due to their advantages over conventional sensors. Among them microsensors based on semiconductor technology offer additional advantages such as small…
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