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  1. Plants often face a dilemma in attracting mutualists versus deterring antagonists. This dilemma may be exceptionally challenging when the mutualist and antagonist are the same visitor. It has now been demonstrated how plants can resolve this…
  2. The majority of convincingly documented cases of hybridization in angiosperms has involved genetic introgression between the parental species or formation of a hybrid species with increased ploidy; however, homoploid (diploid) hybridization may be…
  3. BACKGROUND: Sexually deceptive orchids of the genus Ophrys attract their pollinators, male insects, on a highly specific basis through the emission of odour blends that mimic the female sex pheromone of the targeted species. In this study, we have…
  4. Indirect effects in interactions occur when a species influences a third species by modifying the behaviour of a second one. It has been suggested that indirect effects of crab spiders (Thomisidae) on pollinator behaviour can cascade down the food…
  5. Pollinators are a key component of global biodiversity, providing vital ecosystem services to crops and wild plants. There is clear evidence of recent declines in both wild and domesticated pollinators, and parallel declines in the plants that rely…
  6. ABSTRACT Measuring pollinator performance has become increasingly important with emerging needs for risk assessment in conservation and sustainable agriculture that require multi-year and multi-site comparisons across studies. However, comparing…
  7. Most of the species in the large African genus Kniphofia have floral traits that conform to the bird pollination syndrome, however there has been very little empirical work to confirm that birds are effective pollinators of Kniphofia species. From…