Papers in this group
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Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sleep disorder that affects 3-4% of the population in its moderate to severe form and up to 10% in its milder form. The diagnosis is made based on clinical criteria, but a sleep laboratory study may be necessary…
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The intake of a large variety of substances has a negative impact on sleep. Widely used, readily available substances like alcohol, nicotine, or caffeine need to be mentioned here. Illicit drugs (e.g., heroine or ecstasy) have different mechanisms…
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Several different systems are used to classify sleep disorders. The International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD-2), established in 2005 by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM), utilizes eight different categories [1]: insomnias,…
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The increase in sleep medicine services has paralleled the increased in nocturnal ventilation therapy in patients with sleep apnea. Even if the sleep medicine expertise did increase in the past, this is not sufficient to cover the increasing demand…
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Lack of sleep and insomnia need to be viewed differently. Lack of sleep implies a shortening of the habitual sleep duration due to external circumstances or motivational factors. Insomnia, in contrast, is defined as a sleep disorder due to unknown…
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Sleep deprivation is considered a serious risk factor with a relevant public health impact due to its multiple effects, which we are just beginning to understand. This is underlined by the growing number of studies in recent decades that have…
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Restorative sleep is an important factor for preservation of health and quality of life. Sleep quality is associated with age, i.e., sleep disorders occur more frequently particularly after the age of 75 years. Furthermore, sleep shows an…
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Restorative functions of sleep are of special interest for sleep medicine. For the assessment of these restorative functions, various parameters are taken into account, among which sleep duration and sleep quality play the most important roles. Both…
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Some sleep disorders are frequently found in the general population. The most common include restless legs syndrome, insomnia, and sleep apnea. These sleep disorders are well classified and can easily be diagnosed and treated. Since they are risk…
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Electrophysiologically measurable sleep is divided into rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and nonREM sleep-the latter is further structured into several sleep stages, including deep sleep. This internal sleep regulation is explained by the reciprocal…
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Environmental noise is a well-known risk factor influencing sleep-wake behavior and sleep quality. Epidemiologic studies have shown that environmental noise is regarded as the most annoying environmental factor. Noise causes modifications in…
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OBJECTIVE: Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by functional impairment in the neural elements and circuits underlying cognitive and memory functions. We hypothesized that fornix/hypothalamus deep brain stimulation (DBS) could modulate…
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Declarative and emotional memories are key to quality of life and day-to-day functioning. The absence of memory or the inability to recall memories properly in an emotional context leads to dysfunction but, paradoxically, memories that generate too…
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Functional magnetic resonance imaging of brain responses to biological motion in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), unaffected siblings (US) of children with ASD, and typically developing (TD) children has revealed three types of neural…
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The current definition of major depressive disorder (MDD) emerged from efforts to create reliable diagnostic criteria for clinical and research use. However, despite decades of research, the neurobiology of MDD is largely unknown, and treatments are…
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According to the prevailing "amyloid cascade hypothesis," genetic dementias such as Alzheimer's disease and familial Danish dementia (FDD) are caused by amyloid deposits that trigger tauopathy, neurodegeneration, and behavioral/cognitive…
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