The purpose of this paper is to clarify the role of crosslink density of natural rubber on its strain-induced crystallization. A series of new in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments were performed during the stretching process of weakly…
Rubber
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We study polyisoprene elastomers reinforced with carbon blacks (CBs) of various grades. In addition to mechanical characterization at medium/large elongation ratios, we use deuterium NMR experiments on stretched samples to measure the local strain…
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Stress-induced crystallization (SIC) and stress-induced melting (SIM) in pure and filled (carbon black, CB) natural rubbers are studied by mechanical analysis, X-ray scattering, and quadrupolar NMR as a function of temperature and filler content.…
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In order to visualize the three-dimensional (3D) state of silica or carbon black dispersion in nanocomposites, 3D-TEM. a technique that combines transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with computerized tomography, is used and the results obtained…
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Elastomeric matrix composites are usually reinforced by mineral particles such as carbon black and sometimes by long metallic or organic fibers. In the absence of Fiber, rubbers can be considered as nanocomposites. In service conditions, the fatigue…
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Strain-induced crystallization (SIC) behavior of natural rubber (NR) cross-linked by peroxide or sulfur was comparatively studied by time-resolved wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurements at SPring-8. Stretching ratio at the onset of SIC (alpha(c))…
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Stress-induced crystallisation (SIC) and stress-induced melting (SIM) in natural rubbers (NR), unfilled and filled with carbon black (CB) have been studied by (2)H-NMR measurements. Various materials have been swollen with small amount 2%) of…
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The most common elasticity experiment for many decades involved mechanically blending a reinforcing filler such as carbon black into natural rubber, cross-linking the elastomer with sulfur, and then characterizing its network structure by…
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A thermodynamically related model is developed for describing elastic rubber-like behavior of amorphous and crystallizing polymers and demonstrated on example of simple extension. Both the &8220;entropic&8221; and &8220;energetic&8221; motions of…
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Aconstitutive model is proposed for the deformation of rubber materials which is shown to represent successfully the response of these materials in uniaxial extension, biaxial extension, uniaxial compression, plane strain compression and pure shear.…
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Fatigue tests on ethylene propylene (EPDM) and styrene-butadiene (SBR) rubber revealed physical behaviour that is not seen in conventional linear elastic solids. Uniaxial cyclical tests, using cylindrical dumbbell specimens, having a minimum stress…
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A series of in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments are performed during the stretching of weakly and highly vulcanized carbon black (CB), silica and grafted silica filled natural rubber sample (NR). Conversely to literature, Mullins…
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It has been observed previously that cracks in elastomers under repeated strain initially grow rapidly from sharp cuts, but as the cracks proceed, the rate decreases to a steady value. This work examines these transitions from a sharp crack tip,…
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The present paper deals with the fatigue crack growth in a carbon black filled cis-1,4-polyisoprene rubber under relaxing loading conditions. The study focuses on the determination of the scenario of crack growth. For this purpose, an original…
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In material science of elastomers the influence of nanoscale and nanostructured filler particles is of utmost significance for the performance of innovative rubber products, i.e., passenger car tires with ultralow rolling resistance but high wetgrip…
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The author proposed new models and concept for the self-reinforcement of NR. The first model indicates that general rubber vulcanizate consists of the heterogeneous structure, partially continuous cross-linked phase (75%) and continuous…
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The role of active fillers like carbon black and silica has been studied in the rubber matrix for a better understanding of the rubber performance and the mechanism of reinforcement. In particular the influence of basic properties of carbon blacks,…
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It is generally accepted that dynamic hysteresis, wet friction, and abrasion resistance of tread compounds play dominant roles in rolling resistance, wet skid resistance and wear resistance of tires, respectively. For filled vulcanizates, these…
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The properties X (stress, crystallinity, melting temperature, crystallite sizes) of stretched filled and unfilled natural rubber (NR) are compared. The measurements have been done during deformation at equilibrium and at room temperature. From each…
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Vulcanizates of natural rubber (NR) and its synthetic analogue (IR) were quickly stretched to 6 times the original length. The post stretch relaxation of tensile stress and the development of strain-induced crystallization (SIC) were studied by…
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Researcher (at a non-Academic Institution)Apollo Vredestein BV
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Student (Postgraduate)Manchester, United Kingdom -
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