This study examined phonological sensitivity in 238 children from middle- to upper-income families and 118 children from lower-income families across different levels of linguistic complexity. Children ranged in age from 2 to 5 years. Overall, the…
Communication Disorders
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10,814 papers
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PURPOSE: This paper reviews 10 principles of experience-dependent neural plasticity and considerations in applying them to the damaged brain. METHOD: Neuroscience research using a variety of models of learning, neurological disease, and trauma are…
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Speech-language pathology relies on auditory-perceptual judgment as a central tool for classifying and measuring a variety of disorders of communication. Over the history of the field, a great deal has been written about the use of perceptual…
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Speech intelligibility of 24 prelingually deaf pediatric cochlear implant (CI) recipients with 84 months of device experience was investigated. Each CI participant's speech samples were judged by a panel of 3 listeners. Intelligibility scores were…
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This paper proposes a definition of communicative competence for individuals using augment- ative and alternative communication (AAC) systems. The proposed definition suggests that communicative competence is a relative and dynamic, interpersonal…
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OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between the maturation of central auditory pathways and the development of canonical (speechlike) babbling in infants with cochlear implants. DESIGN: Comparison of the latencies of the P1 cortical auditory…
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In this paper we review published research describing the use of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) to support societal participation by adolescents and adults with developmental disabilities who require AAC. We focus on three major…
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Acoustic parameters were measured for vowels spoken in /hVd/ context by four postlingually deafened recipients of multichannel (Ineraid) cochlear implants. Three of the subjects became totally deaf in adulthood after varying periods of partial…
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This paper describes several treatment strategies that clinicians can use to address negative affective, behavioral, and cognitive reactions that school-age children who stutter may experience as part of their disorder. Specific strategies include…
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OBJECTIVE: The age at which a child receives a cochlear implant seems to be one of the more important predictors of his or her speech and language outcomes. However, understanding the association between age at implantation and child outcomes is…
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PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) with young children who stutter. METHOD: This is a longitudinal, multiple single-subject study. The participants were 6 children aged 3;3-4;10 years;months who had been…
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Phonological awareness was hypothesized to be composed of at least 3 component skills-IQ, verbal short-term memory, and speech perception. In addition, 4 linguistic manipulations within 3 phonological awareness tasks were theorized to affect item…
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In a cross-modal matching task, participants were asked to match visual and auditory displays of speech based on the identity of the speaker. The present investigation used this task with acoustically transformed speech to examine the properties of…
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OBJECTIVE: This study investigated factors contributing to the comprehension and production of English language by children with prelingual deafness after 4 to 7 yr of multichannel cochlear implant use. The analysis controlled for the effects of…
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Two studies investigated young children's use of analogies in reading. In Study 1, 6-year-old children were trained to criterion on a series of clue words. Following training, they read more words that shared spelling patterns with the clue words…
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The general development of 40 deaf and hard of hearing infants was analyzed. The infants were placed into one of two groups according to age at which hearing loss was identified: (a) before age 6 months and (b) after age 18 months. The mean age at…
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The importance of intensity resolution in terms of the number of intensity steps needed for speech recognition was assessed for normal-hearing and cochlear implant listeners. In experiment 1, the channel amplitudes extracted from a six-channel…
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This paper explores the relationships between anxiety and stuttering and provides an overview of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) strategies that can be applied by speech-language pathologists. There is much support for the idea that adults who…
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Reviews computational models of learning in neural networks, with special reference to language. The author reviews some relatively simple rules of learning in neural networks, showing how the nonlinear dynamical properties of these "brain-like"…
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In this paper, the results of two studies designed to investigate the learning demands of four different approaches to the layout and organization of language in electronic augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems are presented:…
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