Knocking out a gene from a genome often causes no phenotypic effect. This phenomenon has been explained in part by the existence of duplicate genes. However, it was found that in mouse knockout data duplicate genes are as essential as singleton…
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
In this subdiscipline:
44,033 papers
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Chronic hepatitis is defined as primary necroinflammatory liver disease with a duration of at least 6 months. It is etiologically heterogeneous and may be caused by hepatitis viruses (B, C, D, others?), autoimmune processes, drug reactions and…
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The management of inflammatory bowel disease represents a key component of clinical practice for members of the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG). There has been considerable progress in management strategies affecting all aspects of…
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Hepatocellular carcinoma is the fifth most common cancer in the world and is the third cause of cancer-related death with varying prevalence according to endemic risk factors. Despite therapeutic advances, there has not been significant improvement…
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This document presents the official recommendations of the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) on intestinal ischemia. It was approved by the Clinical Practice and Practice Economics Committee on September 25, 1999, and by the AGA…
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Hepatic vascular disorders are a set of conditions that may be acute, or may be insidious and subclinical for many years. They can be organized into 3 categories: obstruction to hepatic vascular inflow, obstruction to blood flow through the liver,…
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Management of Varices and Variceal Hemorrhage in Cirrhosis Review Article, N Engl J Med 2010;362:823-832. Dr. Bosch's affiliation (page 823) should have been "Hospital Clinic, Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, University of Barcelona, and…
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BACKGROUND & AIMS: Immunoglobulin (Ig)G4-associated cholangitis (IAC) is the biliary manifestation of a steroid-responsive multisystem fibroinflammatory disorder in which affected organs have a characteristic lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate rich in…
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Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is chronic, predominantly periportal hepatitis with hypergammaglobulinemia and tissue autoantibodies. It is a relative rare disorder, with a preponderance of female patients, that can present at any age. Its diagnosis…
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BACKGROUND & AIMS: The relative efficacies of licensed antiviral therapies for treatment-naive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection in randomized controlled trials have not been determined. We evaluated the relative efficacies of the first 12 months…
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The predominantly anaerobic microbiota of the distal ileum and colon contain an extraordinarily complex variety of metabolically active bacteria and fungi that intimately interact with the host's epithelial cells and mucosal immune system. Crohn's…
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The clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often complicated by poor liver function. Treatment options for intermediate- and advanced-stage disease are limited. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is an effective…
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BACKGROUND/AIMS: Prognostic scores currently used in cirrhotic patients do not include thrombotic risk factors (TRFs). Predicting factors of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) development are still unknown. We wanted to describe TRFs as a function of…
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Most people do not develop inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in spite of the density of the commensal flora. In the past few years, several areas of gut mucosal immunology have emerged that will permit advances in the management of IBD at the…
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An international group of endoscopists, surgeons, and pathologists gathered in Paris for an inten- sive workshop designed to explore the utility and clinical relevance of the Japanese endoscopic clas- sification of superficial neoplastic lesions of…
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Background: Guidelines on the management of Helicobacter pylori, which cover indications for management and treatment strategies, were produced in 2000. Aims: To update the guidelines at the European Helicobacter Study Group (EHSG) Third Maastricht…
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