Papers

DNA sequence represents a single format onto which a broad range of biological phenomena can be projected for high-throughput data collection. Over the past three years, massively parallel DNA sequencing platforms have become widely available,…

The hallmarks of cancer comprise six biological capabilities acquired during the multistep development of human tumors. The hallmarks constitute an organizing principle for rationalizing the complexities of neoplastic disease. They include…

Ten years after the publication of the position paper The hallmarks of cancer (Hanahan and Weinberg Cell 100:5770, 2000), it has become increasingly clear that mutated cells on their way to giving rise to a tumor have also to learn how to thrive in…

The two most commonly used methods to analyze data from real-time, quantitative PCR experiments are absolute quantification and relative quantification. Absolute quantification determines the input copy number, usually by relating the PCR signal to…

There is increasing concern that most current published research findings are false. The probability that a research claim is true may depend on study power and bias, the number of other studies on the same question, and, importantly, the ratio of…

Use of the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify cDNA products reverse transcribed from mRNA is on the way to becoming a routine tool in molecular biology to study low abundance gene expression. Real-time PCR is easy to perform,…

RNA-Seq is a recently developed approach to transcriptome profiling that uses deep-sequencing technologies. Studies using this method have already altered our view of the extent and complexity of eukaryotic transcriptomes. RNA-Seq also provides a…

There is increasing concern that most current published research findings are false. The probability that a research claim is true may depend on study power and bias, the number of other studies on the same question, and, importantly, the ratio of…

In this article, we attempt to distinguish between the properties of moderator and mediator variables at a number of levels. First, we seek to make theorists and researchers aware of the importance of not using the terms moderator and mediator…

There is now ample evidence of the ecological impacts of recent climate change, from polar terrestrial to tropical marine environments. The responses of both flora and fauna span an array of ecosystems and organizational hierarchies, from the…

Computing as you know it is about to change, your applications and documents are going to move from the desktop into the cloud. I'm talking about cloud computing, where applications and files are hosted on a "cloud" consisting of thousands of…

Insights into conducting research and the writing of scientific papers are given by Prof. Whitesides in this short essay. The manuscript and its guidelines has been circulated within the Whitesides' research group since 1989.

We describe a model-based clustering method for using multilocus genotype data to infer population structure and assign individuals to populations. We assume a model in which there are K populations (where K may be unknown), each of which is…

We have designed and implemented the Google File System, a scalable distributed file system for large distributed data-intensive applications. It provides fault tolerance while running on inexpensive commodity hardware, and it delivers high…

Provided certain obstacles are overcome, we believe Cloud Computing has the potential to transform a large part of the IT industry, making software even more attractive as a service and shaping the way IT hardware is designed and purchased.…

Providing a complete portal to the world of case study research, the Fourth Edition of Robert K. Yin's bestselling text Case Study Research offers comprehensive coverage of the design and use of the case study method as a valid research tool. This…

Error bars commonly appear in figures in publications, but experimental biologists are often unsure how they should be used and interpreted. In this article we illustrate some basic features of error bars and explain how they can help communicate…

We are developing a dual panel breast-dedicated PET system using LSO scintillators coupled to position sensitive avalanche photodiodes (PSAPD). The charge output is amplified and read using NOVA RENA-3 ASICs. This paper shows that the coincidence…

Note: OCR errors may be found in this Reference List extracted from the full text article. ACM has opted to expose the complete List rather than only correct and linked references.

The tutorial starts with an overview of the concepts of VC dimension and structural risk minimization. We then describe linear Support Vector Machines (SVMs) for separable and non-separable data, working through a non-trivial example in detail. We…

This population-based cohort study has the objective to understand the sociodemographic characteristics and health conditions of patients who do not receive surgery within 18 months following an ambulatory visit to an orthopaedic surgeon.

Reviews approaches that have been used in input-output (IO) analysis that might be adopted for use in constructing hybrid input-output models. Basic steps in producing hybrid models; Table used in the non-survey input-output analysis; Problem of…

This paper explores the notion that the theoretical basis for contemporary research con- cerning the structure and function of marine pelagic ecosystems is self-limiting. While some findings such as the microbial food web have extended our knowledge…

Inertness and indiscriminate uses as well as growing water and land pollution problems have lead to concern about plastics. Present paper investigates the possibility of plastic degradation by microbes isolated from forest soil and automobile wash-…

The influence of the positively charged N-methylpyridinium substituent on the anion binding tendencies of urea-based receptors has been investigated by comparing molecules 1 and 2. These receptors have been studied in acetonitrile, by performing…

The aim of this chapter is to illustrate discursive psychology and its methodology by examining some extracts from the interview materials. "Discursive psychology" studies the relationships between mind and world, as psychology generally does, but…

This paper proposes a novel scheme to virtually restore the colors of ancient murals. Our approach integrates artificial intelligence techniques with digital image processing methods. The knowledge related to the mural colors is first categorized…

The potential of measurements of faecal accumulation in estimating absolute numbers of ungulate populations was tested in a study of enclosed Fallow deer populations (Dama dama L.). Faecal accumulation plots were established in two sites with known…

Predator stimuli created by humans in the urban environment may alter animals anti-predator behaviors. I hypothesized that habituation would cause anti-predator behaviors to decrease in urban settings in response to humans. Additionally, I…

We surveyed Delta1-pyrroline 5-carboxylate dehydrogenase genes from four patients with hyperprolinemia type II using RT-PCR amplification, genomic PCR amplification and direct sequencing. We found four mutant alleles, two with frameshift mutations…

Environmental poliovirus surveillance (ENV) means monitoring of poliovirus (PV) transmission in human populations by examining environmental specimens supposedly contaminated by human faeces. The rationale is based on the fact that PV-infected…

Significant progress is being made towards the global eradication of poliomyelitis by the year 2000. The strategies recommended by the World Health Organization for polio eradication are as follows: maintaining high routine immunization coverage;…

Environmental organizations in the US engage in a variety of political practices in order to meet their goals. Some organizations consciously pursue more contentious and oppositional actions to match their goals, while others adopt methods that…

One of the main factors involved in the decline in the European wild rabbit in the Iberian Peninsula is the loss of suitable habitats caused by abandonment of agricultural and grazing activities. Nowadays, Mediterranean landscapes suffer from…

One of the main factors involved in the decline in the European wild rabbit in the Iberian Peninsula is the loss of suitable habitats caused by abandonment of agricultural and grazing activities. Nowadays, Mediterranean landscapes suffer from…

PURPOSE: Adequate volume therapy is essential for stable hemodynamics and sufficient urinary output perioperatively. Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) has been reported to attenuate the microvascular hyperpermeability which occasionally occurs in surgical…

Weather conditions can have a significant influence on short-term fluctuations of animal populations. In our study, which is based on time series of hunting bag records of up to 28 years from 26 counties of The Netherlands and Germany, we…

European rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus of both sexes possess a variety of skin glands important in chemical communication. These include sizable inguinal glands, the strong-smelling secretion from which accumulates in conspicuous pouches of skin on…

Rabbits latrines usually constitute an inequivocal sign of the communal territory of the lagomorph, and as it happens with the territorial marks left by other mammals, the location of themarks seems to be related with some characteristics of the…

Pellet counts have been used to measure habitat selection of a variety of ungulate species often under the assumption that this method gives an unbiased sample of the true distribution of the species among habitats. The validity of this method has…