More than half a million shipments and over one billion live animals were imported to the United States since 2000. The majority of these were aquatic organisms, including approximately 1.1 billion fishes. Imported fishes are a major source of…
Papers in Botany
Botany papers in Biological Sciences, U
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Web content syndication through standard formats such as RSS and ATOM has become an increasingly popular mechanism for publishers, news sources and blogs to disseminate regularly updated content. These standardized syndication formats deliver…
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Homologues of the yeast ubiquitin ligase-associated protein SGT1 are required for disease resistance in plants mediated by nucleotide-binding site/leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) proteins. Here, by silencing SGT1 in Nicotiana benthamiana, we extend…
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Attachment of ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins (known as UBLs) to their targets through multienzyme cascades is a central mechanism to modulate protein functions. This process is initiated by a family of mechanistically and structurally related…
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Camptothecin (CPT) induces down-regulation of topoisomerase I (TOP1) via an ubiquitin/26S proteasome pathway. Studies using a panel of breast and colorectal cancer cell lines as well as primary nontransformed and oncogene-transformed cells have…
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Plant immune responses require the coordination of a myriad of processes that are triggered upon perception of invading pathogens. Ubiquitin, the ubiquitination system (UBS) and the 26S proteasome are key for the regulation of processes such as the…
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In this article, we summarize Arabidopsis genes encoding ubiquitin, ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) and an additional selected set of proteins related to ubiquitylation. We emphasize comparisons to components…
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Uch2/Uch37 is the major deubiquitinating enzyme associated with the 26S proteasome in fission yeast.Conjugation of proteins to ubiquitin plays a central role for a number of cellular processes including endocytosis, DNA repair and degradation by the 26S proteasome. However, ubiquitination is reversible as a number of deubiquitinating enzymes…
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Site studies have shown that conifer plantations in northern Britain have increased in General Yield Class (GYC) by 1 m(3) ha(-1) a(-1) per decade or more (20-40 per cent) since the 1930s. Large increases in forest productivity have also occurred in…
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One of the major challenges in genetics today is to understand the causes of complex genetic diseases. The genes involved in these disorders are thought to interact with poorly-defined environmental factors to exert their phenotypic effects. An…
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Premise of study: To reliably identify lineages below the species level such as subspecies or varieties, we propose an extension to DNA-barcoding using next-generation sequencing to produce whole organellar genomes and substantial nuclear ribosomal…
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Current DNA electrophoretic solutions employ high ionic concentrations and require long electrophoretic run times. Here we demonstrate that high and low molecular weight double-stranded DNA, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), and RNA can be separated…
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Localization-based super resolution microscopy holds superior performances in live cell imaging, but its widespread use is thus far mainly hindered by the slow image analysis speed. Here we show a powerful image analysis method based on the…
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Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry combined with high efficiency capillary liquid chromatography provides high sensitivity and broad dynamic range measurements for the characterization of biological macromolecules in complex matrices, and is…
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BACKGROUND:. The morphological and functional evolution of appendages has played a critical role in animal evolution, but the developmental genetic mechanisms underlying appendage diversity are not understood. Given that homologous appendage…
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Bowtie: a new ultrafast memory-efficient tool for the alignment of short DNA sequence reads to large genomes.
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To realize the immense potential of large-scale genomic sequencing after the completion of the second human genome (Venter's), the costs for the complete sequencing of additional genomes must be dramatically reduced. Among the technologies being…
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Photochemical interconversion between the red-absorbing (Pr) and the far-red-absorbing (Pfr) forms of the photosensory protein phytochrome initiates signal transduction in bacteria and higher plants. The Pr-to-Pfr transition commences with a rapid…
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1. Island floras are generally characterized by disharmony due to uneven representations of plant groups. This has usually been explained by the unequal capacity of plants to disperse and colonize islands, but it has been suggested that the ecology…
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There are many potentially hazardous commercial or industrial products used in or around ruminant environments. Although some products are highly toxic, their proper storage and use minimize their hazard to ruminants. Although most exposures to such…
Papers in associated sub-disciplines
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