In this paper an overview of the development of organic photovoltaics is given, with emphasis on polymer-based solar cells. The observation of photoconductivity in solid anthracene in the beginning of the 19th century marked the start of this field.…
Papers in Paper Industry
Paper Industry papers in Materials Science, A
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We report an FTIR method to measure the accessibility and the size of cellulose microfibrils from the cell wall of Valonia ventricosa. This method is similar to the conventional deuteration technique for measuring the accessibility of cellulosic…
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CP/MAS 13C-NMR spectroscopy in combination with spectral fitting was used to study the supermolecular structure of the cellulose fibril in spruce wood and spruce kraft pulp. During pulping, structures contributing to inaccessible surfaces in the…
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A complete polymer solar cell module prepared in the ambient atmosphere under industrial conditions is presented. The versatility of the polymer solar cell technology is demonstrated through the use of abstract forms for the active area, a flexible…
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The individual states of order of cellulose found within Valonia, Cladophora, Halocynthia, cotton and wood cellulose were quantified by non-linear least-squares fitting of the 13C NMR spectra. The results from the spectral fittings indicated that a…
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Plants have evolved a multitude of mechanisms to actuate organ movement. The osmotic influx and efflux of water in living cells can cause a rapid movement of organs in a predetermined direction. Even dead tissue can be actuated by a swelling or…
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A fracture mechanics technique to quantitatively measure the adhesion or interfacial fracture resistance of interfaces in thin film structures is described. Adhesion values obtained for the technologically important SiO2/TiN interface in…
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The adhesion of substances to gold and our understanding of it is of potential industrial importance in a number of diverse fields such as heat transfer surfaces and jewellery manufacture.
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The adsorption of cationic starch (CS) from aqueous electrolyte solutions onto model cellulose film has been investigated by the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The…
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Calcium oxalate crystal formation in plants appears to play a central role in a variety of important functions, including tissue calcium regulation, protection from herbivory, and metal detoxification. Evidence is mounting to support ascorbic acid…
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This critical review represents a concise revision of the different experimental approaches so far followed for the structuration of molecular nanomagnets on surfaces, since the first reports on the field more than ten years ago. Afterwards, a…
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We discuss a dynamical mathematical model to explain cell wall architecture in plant cells. The highly regular textures observed in cell walls reflect the spatial organisation of the cellulose microfibrils (CMFs), the most important structural…
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Inverted polymer:fullerene solar cells with ZnO and MoO3 transport layers are demon- strated. ZnO films are prepared through spin casting of a zinc acetylacetonate hydrate solu- tion, followed by low temperature annealing under ambient conditions.…
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Polysaccharide microfibrils in fruit tissue of higher plants (strawberry, peach, and rambutan) were examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). For preserving native cellulose microfibrils, a combination of 2% NaClO 2 and 4% NaOH extraction was…
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Water meniscus formation at the point of contact between an AFM tip and an atomically smooth NaCl substrate was experimentally studied as a function of atmospheric water content, from 70% relative humidity to ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). Meniscus…
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Cellulose composites were produced by culturing Acetobacter aceti subsp. xylinum (ATCC 53524, agitation tolerant strain) under shaking and agitating conditions in the presence of 2% pine or beech Björkman lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) or six…
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