Regression methods were used to select and score 12 items from the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) to reproduce the Physical Component Summary and Mental Component Summary scales in the general US population…
Papers in Alcoholism and Addiction
Alcoholism and Addiction papers in Medicine, A
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Methadone medical maintenance (MMM) reduces the reporting schedule for stable and well-functioning methadone maintenance patients to once a month, with counseling provided by medical staff. We report on the 12-month outcomes of 92 highly stable…
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The objective of this study was to examine whether there is a benefit of adding bupropion SR to high-dose combination nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and weekly group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for smoking reduction or cessation in…
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N-Benzylpiperazine was tested in the beginning of the 1970s as a possible antidepressant drug. However, in both animal and human studies, it was shown to possess amphetamine-like properties, and any further studies were stopped. In a forensic…
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Smoking among patients with mental illness is a major and underappreciated public health problem. The case of Ms G, a 51-year-old woman with bipolar disorder who wishes to quit smoking, illustrates the importance and feasibility of smoking cessation…
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Economic concepts can be used to assess how drug prices affect consumption patterns. Increases in price for a commodity typically result in reductions in consumption. Demand is considered elastic if decreases in consumption are proportionally…
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RATIONALE: Schizophrenia patients display an excessive rate of smoking compared to the general population. Nicotine increases acoustic prepulse inhibition (PPI) in animals as well as healthy humans, suggesting that smoking may provide a way of…
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Chronic ethanol exposure may induce neuroadaptive responses in N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, which are thought to underlie a variety of alcohol-related brain disorders. Here, we demonstrate that hyperexcitability triggered by withdrawal…
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Cases of schizophrenia and schizophreniform attacks living in extended families have been compared to cases with similar diagnoses in nuclear families. Both diagnostic groups living in extended families presented earlier: they had lower rates of…
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A bio-behavioral approach to drug addiction treatment is outlined. The presented treatment model uses dual representation theory as a guiding framework for understanding the bio-behavioral processes activated during the application of expressive…
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BACKGROUND: Abnormal methionine metabolism occurs in animals fed ethanol and in end-stage cirrhotic patients. Expected consequences of these abnormalities include reduced hepatic S-adenosylmethionine and glutathione (GSH) levels, impaired…
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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Pilowsky introduced the term 'abnormal illness behaviour' to characterize syndromes of excessive or inadequate response to symptoms, including hypochondriasis, somatization, and denial of illness. This review summarizes recent…
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The biotechnology revolution has opened new opportunities for addressing current inadequacies in decision making regarding environmental health. Strategic investments need to be made (1) to develop high-throughput technologies that could accelerate…
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OBJECTIVE: It is important to perform a routine screening of nicotine dependence in psychiatric patients. The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) is a widely used six-item questionnaire. The Heavy Smoking Index (HSI) is a briefer measure…
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Sleep disturbances reflect a core dysfunction underlying Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Specifically, disruptive nocturnal behaviors (DNB) may represent PTSD-specific sleep disturbances. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Addendum for PTSD…
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OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a brief smoking cessation intervention for women 15 to 35 years of age attending Planned Parenthood clinics. METHODS: Female smokers (n = 1154) were randomly assigned either to advice only or to…
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The presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA in verrucous carcinomas and some squamous-cell carcinomas (SCC) of the oropharynx suggests a role for the virus in their pathogenesis. Spindle-cell squamous carcinoma is an uncommon variant of…
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Baseline drug use detected in urine toxicology has been shown to predict drug abuse treatment outcome, including response to contingency management interventions with drug abstinence as their target. This study examined the association between…
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BACKGROUND: Relapse to drug use is often seen when contingencies designed to reduce drug use are discontinued. This paper reports on a stepdown maintenance contingency and 1-year follow-up in 110 patients who were maintained on methadone (50 or 70…
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We review evidence that structural brain abnormalities are associated with abuse of amphetamines. A brief history of amphetamine use/abuse and evidence for toxicity is followed by a summary of findings from structural magnetic resonance imaging…
Papers in associated sub-disciplines
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