When running indoors on a treadmill, the lack of air resistance results in a lower energy cost compared with running outdoors at the same velocity. A slight incline of the treadmill gradient can be used to increase the energy cost in compensation.…
Papers in Adapted Physical Activity
Adapted Physical Activity papers in Sports and Recreation, A
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STUDY DESIGN: Longitudinal; Survey. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the natural course of changes in activity patterns, health indicators, life satisfaction, and adjustment over 25-year period among people with spinal cord…
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Biomechanical models generally assume that muscle fascicles shorten uniformly. However, dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) images of the biceps brachii have recently shown nonuniform shortening along some muscle fascicles during low-load elbow flexion…
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CONTEXT: Obesity is a well-established risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD), but whether regional fat distribution contributes independently to risk remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To compare waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference in…
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We examined the independent relationships among various visceral and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) depots, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity in 89 obese men. Measurements included an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), glucose…
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Various exercises are used to retrain the abdominal muscles in the management of low back pain and other musculoskeletal disorders. However, few studies have directly investigated the activity of all the abdominal muscles or the recruitment of…
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BACKGROUND & AIMS: Subjects with obesity had autonomic nervous abnormalities. This study investigated autonomic nervous modulation in subjects with obesity and its association with the indices of obesity, especially the body mass index and waist…
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AIMS: The purpose of the study was to investigate the associations of abdominal obesity and overall obesity with the risk of acute coronary events. METHODS AND RESULTS: Body mass index indicating overall obesity and waist-to-hip ratio and waist…
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BACKGROUND: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring both visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT) in association with metabolic risk factors and underlying…
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of closed and open kinetic chain tests of muscular strength to assess functional performance. Sixteen healthy male subjects, with a mean (+/-SD) age, body mass and height of 27+/-5 years,…
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This study assessed the ability of four different activity monitors to discriminate changes in treadmill walking velocity. The relationships between walking velocity and bodily movement and between bodily movement and energy expenditure determined…
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We have created a model to estimate the corrective changes in muscle activation patterns needed for a person who has had a stroke to walk with an improved gait-nearing that of an unimpaired person. Using this model, we examined how different…
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OBJECTIVE: Clinical and animal studies show increased acidification of skeletal muscle during exercise in heart failure, implying increased anaerobic metabolism, and impaired recovery from exercise, implying defective oxidative function. This study…
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Slow heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise is considered to represent impaired parasympathetic tone and to be a predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, but the independent value of abnormal HRR in predicting the presence and severity…
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We tested the hypothesis that the normal forearm vasoconstrictor response to leg exercise is inhibited or reversed in patients with aortic stenosis, possibly because of activation of left ventricular baroreceptors. Forearm vascular responses to…
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This special issue addresses the subject of individual differences in language learning, a topic whose complexity has meant little conclusive knowledge and thus need for continuing investigation. This paper offers a brief but broad overview of the…
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INTRODUCTION: Better understanding of the correlates of physical activity and sedentary behaviors in youth will support the development of effective interventions that promote a physically active lifestyle and prevent a sedentary lifestyle. The main…
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Increased arterial stiffness is thought to contribute to the increased incidence of cardiovascular disease with age. Little, however, is known about the influence of aging on central and peripheral arterial stiffness in females. Moreover, it is…
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The primary objective of this study was to determine whether the absence of outdoor activities is associated with an increased risk of mortality among elderly people living at home. In January 1995, the authors enrolled 863 household residents, 65…
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In total, 168 players from 14 national teams were measured using 38 anthropometric dimensions before the Women's World Basketball Championships held in Australia in 1994. Measures of segment length, breadth and girth were recorded by a team of…
Papers in associated sub-disciplines
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