Amperometric biosensors

Abstract

A unique feature of biosensors is the incorporation of a biological sensitive element with signal transformer, thus forming a very sensitive system. The advantages of the electrochemical biosensors are their compactness, simplicity, possibility for miniaturization, specificity, selectivity, etc. Greater attention is focused on the most actively developed amperometric biosensors - their principle of operation, methods of investigation, construction and practical applications. A review of the generally used enzymes-oxidases is made - mechanism of operation, methods for immobilizing, applications. Experimental amperometric biosensors, based on enzyme gas-diffusion electrodes for detection of glucose, lactate and phenols are presented. © 2008 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Union of Chemists in Bulgaria.