_____________ Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 2, No. 1, January 2007___________ 143
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TURKISH EVEN-TOED
UNGULATES (MAMMALIA: ARTIODACTYLA)

İrfan Albayrak*, Nahit Pamukoğlu* and M. Ali Kaya**

* University of Kırıkkale, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Biology, 71450,
Yahşihan, Kırıkkale, TURKEY.
** University of Selçuk, Faculty of Education, Department of Biology, 42075, Meram,
Konya, TURKEY.

[Albayrak, İ., Pamukoğlu, N. & Kaya, M. A. 2007. Bibliography of Turkish even-
toed Ungulates (Mammalia: Artiodactyla). Munis Entomology & Zoology 2 (1): 143-162]

ABSTRACT: In this study, accessible publications on Turkish even-toed ungulates up to
this date were compiled. The order Artiodactyla is represented by 13 species in Turkey,
Sus scrofa, Camelus ferus, Camelus dromedarius, Cervus elaphus, Dama dama,
Capreolus capreolus, Gazella dorcas, Gazella subgutturosa, Bos taurus, Bubalus bubalis,
Capra aegagrus, Ovis gmelini and Rupicapra rupicapra. Capra ibex and Gazella
gazella are now known to be extinct species.

KEY WORDS: Bibliography, Artiodactyla, Turkey

In Turkey, the Classis Mammalia is represented by Insectivora,
Chiroptera, Carnivora, Cetacea, Perissodactyla, Artiodactyla, Rodentia
and Lagomorpha orders.
A considerable amount of knowledge about the Turkish mammals is
merely preserved on the library shelves of various governmental
institutions because the results from investigations conducted by those
bodies generally appear for public use only in their local publications
which has no easy and academically accustomed access. The first
bibliography of Turkish Fauna was published by The Scientific and
Technical Research Council of Turkey (Aytuğ and Çakman, 1972). The
other bibliographic study concerning the Turkish mammals was written
by Kumerloeve (1975). The latests ones are The bibliographies of
Turkish Carnivora, Insectivora and Chiroptera recently published by
Albayrak et al. (1997, 1998, 2000).
The aim of this study is to contribute to the researches on the order
Artiodactyla and the formation of the bibliography of Turkish
Mammalian Fauna.

MATERIALS AND METHOD

For the bibliography of the order Artiodactyla, data was gathered by
collaborating with the libraries and archives of Kırıkkale University,
Selçuk University, Ankara University; Faculty of Science, Faculty of
Letters, Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Veterinary; İstanbul
University, Faculty of Science; Gazi University Faculty of Sciences and
Arts; The National Library; The Ministry of Enviroment and Forestry;
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; The Scientific and
Technical Research Council of Turkey; The Higher Education Council of

_____________ Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 2, No. 1, January 2007___________ 144
Turkey; The General Directory of Mineral Research and Exploration of
Turkey; The Grand National Assembly of Turkey and their relevant
institutions.
Distributions of actual species being feral or domestic were shown in
the maps prepared based on the provincial unit. Systematic orders and
names of the taxa were given according to Ellerman and Morrison-Scott
(1951), Corbet (1978) and Wilson and Reeder (1993). The status of
species and subspecies were firstly determined according to IUCN.

RESULTS

The latest literary data obtained on the Turkish even-toed ungulates
are given below. According to literature data, Gazella gazella (Pallas,
1776) lived in Southeastern Anatolia but is now an extinct species. Some
species are represented by the domesticated species such as Camelus
ferus, Camelus dromedarius and Bos taurus.

Order: Artiodactyla
Suborder: Suiformes
Family: Suidae Gray, 1821
Subfamily: Suinae Gray, 1821
Genus: Sus Linnaeus, 1758
Species: Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758
Type locality: Germany
Status: Vulnerable

Wild boar inhabits almost the whole Turkey (Fig. 1), but the
population size decreases by over hunting.

Suborder: Tylopoda
Family: Camelidae
Genus: Camelus Linnaues, 1758
Species: Camelus ferus Przewalski, 1883
Type locality: “Bactria” (=Uzbekistan, Bokhora)
Status: Lower risk (Conservation dependent, Extinct in the wild)

Domesticated form of two humped or Asian camel exists in the
Western Anatolia though it is rare (Fig. 2).