Consciousness and the moral ideal: a transcultural analysis of Watson's theory of transpersonal caring.

Abstract

The global society in which advanced practice nurses work calls for an appreciation of cultural diversity and transcultural care. Theories to guide education, research, and practice must therefore incorporate understanding of cultural concepts. Watson's transpersonal caring theory, which is shaped by the tenets of consciousness and the moral ideal, does not address cultural care per se but does bring into focus the forces of the moral and the spiritual in the event of caring. Thus, it has the potential to be valuable in culturally diverse transcultural nursing situations.