Dabigatran and vitamin K antagonists’ use in naïve patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a cross-sectional study of primary care-based electronic health records

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize the profile of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation who start an anticoagulant treatment after diagnosis with dabigatran and compare it with those who start with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). Methods: We analysed primary health care-based electronic health records data from 15,075 people with new diagnosis of atrial fibrillation who initiated treatment with dabigatran or VKA spanning 2011–2013. Logistic regression analysis for determination of factors associated with initiation of dabigatran was performed. Results: We identified 14,266 (94.6%) people who initiated VKA and 809 (5.4%) who initiated dabigatran. Mean age of people treated with dabigatran was lower than in VKA patients (73.7 vs 75.5 years, p < 0.001). People (90.5%) in VKA group and 83.6% in the dabigatran group had a high risk of stroke, according to CHA2DS2VASc score. There was higher proportion of people with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, and chronic kidney disease among people treated with VKA. The proportion of people with a history of cerebral haemorrhage and stroke was higher among dabigatran patients compared with VKA patients (1.4 vs 0.6%, p = 0.015 and 14.0% vs 10.8%, p = 0.006, respectively). Multivariable logistic model showed that treatment with dabigatran was associated with male sex, history of stroke and Mortalidad en áreas pequeñas Españolas y Desigualdades Socioeconómicas index. Conclusions: Most patients recently diagnosed with non-valvular atrial fibrillation initiated treatment with VKA. Primary healthcare patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation initiating dabigatran are younger, had a lower risk of stroke or bleeding, fewer comorbidity and more history of stroke and intracranial haemorrhage compared to those who were initiated on VKA.