Effects of cognitive style and type of target on displacements.

Abstract

Investigated whether congruence between cognitive style and type of target is important in facilitating ESP displacement effects, using undergraduates. Exps I and II used meaningful words with either high or low imagery as targets. The conditions of maximum congruence (visual style/high imagery and verbal style/low imagery) showed relatively large differences between positive displacement of missers and negative displacement of hitters. Effects were due mainly to negative displacement of hitters in Exp I but to positive displacement of missers in Exp II. Exp III used abstract visual targets. Analysis of consistent missing revealed a significant effect for visual missers.