Gender Studies in Human Geography: Observation on Gender Relations Hidden in Space

  • YOSHIDA Y
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Abstract

Gender studies in human geography : observation on gender relations hidden in space 吉田 容子 Yoko Yoshida 男性による女性支配システムの構造解明や,そこに発生する権力関係のあぶり出しを目指すジェンダー 研究は,いまや多様な学問領域に浸透している.地理学においても,1970 年代に入ると,英語圏の女性研 究者たちの間から,従来の地理学研究が男性中心主義に偏ったものであるとする批判がなされるとともに, 空間に刻まれた男女の非対称の権力関係,すなわちジェンダー関係をあぶり出す作業が行われるようにな った.本稿ではまず,英語圏を中心としたジェンダー研究の展開を整理する.次に,日本の地理学におけ るこの方面の研究をもとに,これまでの到達点を明らかにする.さらに,個人レベルの男女間に潜む権力 関係に着目し,それがより大きな権力関係へと転化され空間に刻まれ,そして,またそれが,空間に映し 出されていることを示すため,二つの事例をあげる.一つは,大都市圏郊外につくられた「監視空間」と もいうべき住宅地におけるジェンダー関係であり,もう一つは,1950 年代に軍事基地の建設が本格化した 沖縄で,米兵相手につくられた特飲街にみられるジェンダー関係である. Gender studies have accepted in the various disciplines, which aim at making clear the structure of system that keeps female under male dominance and power relations that occur there. In the 1970s, many female geographers in the English-speaking countries criticized that traditional geography inclined toward masculinism and they endeavored to show asymmetrical power relations between men and women which are projected on space. The first purpose of this paper is to overview the progress of gender studies in the English-speaking countries. The second purpose is to review gender studies in Japanese geography. Thirdly, I would like to show two examples in order to examine gender relations hidden between men and women at private level, which are transformed to bigger power relations and then are reflected and projected on space. One example is the residential section that should also be called a "surveillance space" built in suburbs of the metropolitan area, and another is the pleasures area built for the U.S. soldiers in Okinawa when construction of military bases has begun in the 1950s. キーワード:ジェンダー研究,ジェンダー関係,空間,男性中心主義

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YOSHIDA, Y. (2006). Gender Studies in Human Geography: Observation on Gender Relations Hidden in Space. E-Journal GEO, 1, 22–29. https://doi.org/10.4157/ejgeo.1.22

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