Indoor and outdoor air quality investigation at 14 public places in Hong Kong

Abstract

The indoor and outdoor air quality of 14 public places with mechanical ventilation systems in Hong Kong were investigated from October 1996 to March 1997. Fourteen public places located in urban residential, commercial, industrial, and rural areas were selected for indoor/outdoor (I/O) air pollutant measurement. The public places included restaurants, libraries, recreation places, shopping malls, sport centers, and a car park. The concentrations of SO2, CO, CO2, NO, NO2, total hydrocarbons (THC), and particulate matter (PM10) were measured during peak traffic hours at each sampling location. I/O correlations between indoor and outdoor air quality were performed. High I/O ratios of CO, CO2, THC,and PM10 were due to a high infiltration rate and the presence of indoor sources. The results show that the I/O ratios at public places were higher than those at homes and offices. Insufficient ventilation caused high CO2 levels. The I/O ratios of PM10 and CO at public places where tobacco smoking is permittedwere 4 times and 1.6 times those where smoking is prohibited.ources in the presence of uncertainty and the implication of uncertainty in decision making. The management of trace Zn bioaccumulation in aquaculture abalone, Haliotis diversicolor supertexta, is illustrated to show the applicability of established techniques in designing a dynamicfeedback control strategy. General results from the engineering analysis are presented in the form of strategies of constant Zn concentration in molluskan shellfish and of constant control effort and in theform of warning about the instability of the system. Numerical data were obtained which could be used to design a controller minimizing fluctuations about a chosen equilibrium state. Dynamic feedback optimization can serve as a guide to the decision making of sustainable bioresource management in a polluted ecosystem in that the decisions arerequ [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Environment International is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)