Integración de los factores de riesgo de predisposición y aprendizaje psicosocial para la bulimia nerviosa

Abstract

We propose a risk model for bulimia nervosa (BN) that has these characteristics. Trait urgency, the tendency to act rashly/maladaptively when distressed, is a dispositional risk factor that is general to many disorders, including BN. Expectancies for reinforcement from eating and from dieting/thinness are risk factors that result from psychosocial learning and are specific to eating disorders. Risk for BN is increased to the degree that one is high in negative affectivity, high in urgency, and simultaneously holds expectancies for reinforcement from eating and from dieting/thinness. We provide empirical support for both the dispositional and learned components of this model. We demonstrate how the model integrates and extends existing risk literature and we briefly consider the role of culture in this process.