Laboratory and clinical studies on cefamandole

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Abstract

Laboratory and clinical studies on cefamandole sodium were performed with following results. 1. Antibacterial activity of cefamandole sodium against respiratory pathogenic bacteria isolated from sputum was measured. 1) MIC values against 53 strains of Haemophilus influenzae ranged from 0.2 to 12.5 μg/ml. Only a few strains of this organism were resistant to cefamandole sodium. Cefamandole sodium was active almost the same as ampicillin and its antibacterial activity was 32 to 64 times superior to those of CEZ and CEX. 2) MIC values against 50 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 7 strains of Escherichia coli and 19 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, ranged from 0.05 to 0.39 μg/ml, 0.20 to 12.5 μg/ml and 0.20 to 3.13 μg/ml respectively. 2. After intramuscular administration of cefamandole sodium 20 mg/kg in rats, the tissue concentrations reached peak level at 15 minutes and they were in the following order of kidney, serum, lung and liver. One to two hours later, cefamandole was not detectable in all organs. 3. Two grams of cefamandole sodium was administered intravenously to three healthy subjects over two hours. The mean values of the peak serum levels and serum half-life values were 57.00±19.16 μg/ml and 37.00 ±1.73 minutes. Excretion rate in the urine during five hours was 52.80±10.48 percent. 4. In the study on the three healthy subjects, repeated administration of 2 g of cefamandole sodium had no influence on the peak serum levels, serum half-life and urine concentration. 5. Cefamandole sodium was given to 16 patients with respiratory tract infections, 3 patients with acute cystitis, 2 patients with bacterial endocarditis, one patient with sepsis and one patient with liver abscess. The dosage was 1 to 3 g and the drug was administered mainly by instillation every 12 hours. In the cases with respiratory tract infections (2 cases with acute bronchitis, 8 cases with chronic bronchitis, 5 cases with acute pneumonia and 1 case with bronchiectasis), cefamandole sodium was evaluated to be “excellent” in 2 cases, “good” in 10 cases and “poor” in 4 cases. Four cases that failed to respond satisfactorily to cefamandole sodium included each case with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, one case with acute pneumonia complicated with apoplexia and one case of saccural bronchiectasis. Clinical recovery was observed in 12 (75%) in 16 patients with respiratory tract infections. In the cases with respiratory tract infection due to Haemophilus influenzae, clinical recovery with correlated MIC except for one case of saccural bronchiectasis. On the other hand, this antibiotic, was evaluated to be “excellent” and “good” in all cases with acute cystitis, “fair” or “poor” in the two cases with bacterial endocarditis, and “good” in the each case of sepsis and liver abscess. 6. As side effects S-GOT and S-GPT increased in one case, but they returned to normal by discontinuation of the antibiotic. © 1979, Japanese Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.

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Kimura, H., Suzuki, H., Noguchi, Y., Tamaki, K., Uzuka, Y., Shishido, H., … Watanabe, K. (1979). Laboratory and clinical studies on cefamandole. CHEMOTHERAPY, 27, 321–333. https://doi.org/10.11250/chemotherapy1953.27.Supplement5_321

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