Lithium

Abstract

Lithium (7439-93-2) is a monovalent metal cation with physiologic actions similar to potassium and sodium, and is the lightest of the metals. Lithium is widely used in various settings. Soluble lithium compounds are readily absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract but not the skin. However, the oral toxicity of most lithium compounds is relatively low. Lithium can cross the human placenta. The first sign of intoxication in patients is usually a fine hand tremor. Lithium is neither mutagenic nor carcinogenic, but is toxic to the central nervous system, at elevated doses. It is used an antidepressant.