Normal fetal anatomy

Abstract

We have attempted to discuss normal fetal anatomic structures that can be imaged with currently available ultrasound equipment. The superb resolution and delineation of fetal anatomy now possible allow consideration of the fetus as a patient, separate and apart from the mother and uterine environment. It is obvious that ultrasound is capable of visualizing a tremendous number of fetal organs. In no way, however, do we intend the reader to assume that we routinely visualize such detailed anatomic structures as the fetal pancreas or spleen. But we do want to emphasize that, with care and concern for technical details, many fetal soft tissue structures can be seen. The utility of visualizing the structure of fetal organs has already been demonstrated in the brain, kidney, and several other organs. We feel that the need for visualizing other fetal organs such as the lung, pancreas, and spleen in selected patients will become obvious as more disorders are diagnosed in utero. Ultrasound has assumed an extremely exciting role in perinatal medicine and is presently on the cutting edge in this field.