Overview Of Methodologies For Building Ontologies
Proceedings of the IJCAI99 Workshop on Ontologies and ProblemSolving Methods Lessons Learned and Future Trends CEUR Publications (1999)
- DOI: 10.1.1.39.6002
Available from iwayan.info
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Abstract
A few research groups are now proposing a series of steps and methodologies for developing ontologies. However, mainly due to the fact that Ontological Engineering is still a relatively immature discipline, each work group employs its own methodology. Our goal is to present the most representative methodologies used in ontology development and to perform an analysis of such methodologies against the same framework of reference. So, the goal of this paper is not to provide new insights about methodologies, but to put it all in one place and help people to select which methodology to use.
Available from iwayan.info
Page 1
Overview Of Methodologies For Building Ontologies
Overview of methodologies for
building ontologies
Mariano Fernández López
mfernand@delicias.dia.fi.upm.es
Laboratorio de Inteligencia Artificial
Facultad de Informática
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
Campus de Montegancedo sn.
Boadilla del Monte, 28660. Madrid. Spain
Tel: (34-91) 336-74-39, Fax: (34-91) 336-7412
building ontologies
Mariano Fernández López
mfernand@delicias.dia.fi.upm.es
Laboratorio de Inteligencia Artificial
Facultad de Informática
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
Campus de Montegancedo sn.
Boadilla del Monte, 28660. Madrid. Spain
Tel: (34-91) 336-74-39, Fax: (34-91) 336-7412
Page 2
INDEX
1. Purposes
2. IEEE Standard 1074-1995
3. For each methodology:
3.1. Description
3.2. Methodology compliance with IEEE Standard 1074-1995
4. Summary table about maturity of methodologies
5. Conclusions
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
1. Purposes
2. IEEE Standard 1074-1995
3. For each methodology:
3.1. Description
3.2. Methodology compliance with IEEE Standard 1074-1995
4. Summary table about maturity of methodologies
5. Conclusions
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
Page 3
Purposes
1. Presenting the most representative methodologies
- Uschold & King
- Grüninger & Fox
- Bernaras et alia
- Methontology
- Sensus
2. Performing an analysis of such methodologies
against the same framework of reference
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
1. Presenting the most representative methodologies
- Uschold & King
- Grüninger & Fox
- Bernaras et alia
- Methontology
- Sensus
2. Performing an analysis of such methodologies
against the same framework of reference
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
Page 4
IEEE Standard 1074-1995
1. Software life cycle model process
2. Project management processes
3. Development-oriented processes
3.1. Pre-development processes
3.2. Development processes
3.3. Post-development processes
4. Integral processes
- Planning
- Control
- Quality management
............
- Environment study
- Feasibility study
- Requirements
- Design
- Implementation
- Installation
- Operation
- Support
- Maintenance
- Retirement
- Evaluation
- Documentation
- Configuration management
- Training
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
1. Software life cycle model process
2. Project management processes
3. Development-oriented processes
3.1. Pre-development processes
3.2. Development processes
3.3. Post-development processes
4. Integral processes
- Planning
- Control
- Quality management
............
- Environment study
- Feasibility study
- Requirements
- Design
- Implementation
- Installation
- Operation
- Support
- Maintenance
- Retirement
- Evaluation
- Documentation
- Configuration management
- Training
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
Page 5
Methodology compliance with IEEE Standard. Uschold & King
Uschold
& King
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
e
s Development-oriented processes
P r
e -
d e v
e l o
p . Development
Requi-
rements Design
Imple-
mentation P o
s t -
d e
v e l
o p
.
I n
t e
g r
a l
p r
o c
e s
s e
s
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
Uschold
& King
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
e
s Development-oriented processes
P r
e -
d e v
e l o
p . Development
Requi-
rements Design
Imple-
mentation P o
s t -
d e
v e l
o p
.
I n
t e
g r
a l
p r
o c
e s
s e
s
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
Page 6
Methodology compliance with IEEE Standard. Grüninger & Fox
Uschold
& King
Grüninger
& Fox
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
e
s Development-oriented processes
P r
e -
d e v
e l o
p . Development
Requi-
rements Design
Imple-
mentation P o
s t -
d e
v e l
o p
.
I n
t e
g r
a l
p r
o c
e s
s e
s
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
Uschold
& King
Grüninger
& Fox
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
e
s Development-oriented processes
P r
e -
d e v
e l o
p . Development
Requi-
rements Design
Imple-
mentation P o
s t -
d e
v e l
o p
.
I n
t e
g r
a l
p r
o c
e s
s e
s
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
Page 7
Methodology compliance with IEEE Standard. Bernaras et alia
Uschold
& King
Grüninger
& Fox
Bernaras
et alia
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
e
s Development-oriented processes
P r
e -
d e v
e l o
p . Development
Requi-
rements Design
Imple-
mentation P o
s t -
d e
v e l
o p
.
I n
t e
g r
a l
p r
o c
e s
s e
s
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
Uschold
& King
Grüninger
& Fox
Bernaras
et alia
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
e
s Development-oriented processes
P r
e -
d e v
e l o
p . Development
Requi-
rements Design
Imple-
mentation P o
s t -
d e
v e l
o p
.
I n
t e
g r
a l
p r
o c
e s
s e
s
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
Page 8
Methodology compliance with IEEE Standard. METHONTOLOGY
Uschold
& King
Grüninger
& Fox
Bernaras
et alia
Methontol.
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
e
s Development-oriented processes
P r
e -
d e v
e l o
p . Development
Requi-
rements Design
Imple-
mentation P o
s t -
d e
v e l
o p
.
I n
t e
g r
a l
p r
o c
e s
s e
s
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
Uschold
& King
Grüninger
& Fox
Bernaras
et alia
Methontol.
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
e
s Development-oriented processes
P r
e -
d e v
e l o
p . Development
Requi-
rements Design
Imple-
mentation P o
s t -
d e
v e l
o p
.
I n
t e
g r
a l
p r
o c
e s
s e
s
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
Page 9
Methodology compliance with IEEE Standard. SENSUS
Uschold
& King
Grüninger
& Fox
Bernaras
et alia
Methontol.
Sensus
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
e
s Development-oriented processes
P r
e -
d e v
e l o
p . Development
Requi-
rements Design
Imple-
mentation P o
s t -
d e
v e l
o p
.
I n
t e
g r
a l
p r
o c
e s
s e
s
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
Uschold
& King
Grüninger
& Fox
Bernaras
et alia
Methontol.
Sensus
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
e
s Development-oriented processes
P r
e -
d e v
e l o
p . Development
Requi-
rements Design
Imple-
mentation P o
s t -
d e
v e l
o p
.
I n
t e
g r
a l
p r
o c
e s
s e
s
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
Page 10
Maturity of the methodologies
Recomen-
ded
life cycle
Compliance
with
IEEE Std.
Recommen-
ded
techniques
Ontologies
and
applications
Uschold
& King
Grüninger
& Fox
Bernaras
et alia
Methontol.
Sensus
Detail of
the
methodology
1 domain
1 domain
1 domain
Several
domains
Several
domains
Very little
Little
Very little
A lot
Medium
Not known
Not known
Not known
Not known
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
Recomen-
ded
life cycle
Compliance
with
IEEE Std.
Recommen-
ded
techniques
Ontologies
and
applications
Uschold
& King
Grüninger
& Fox
Bernaras
et alia
Methontol.
Sensus
Detail of
the
methodology
1 domain
1 domain
1 domain
Several
domains
Several
domains
Very little
Little
Very little
A lot
Medium
Not known
Not known
Not known
Not known
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
Page 11
Conclusions
1. None of the methodologies are fully mature if we compare them with the
IEEE Standard
- METHONTOLOGY
- Grüninger & Fox
- Uschold & King
- SENSUS
- Bernaras et alia
2. The proposals are not unified
3. There is one approach that is completly different from the others: SENSUS
4. It is allowed interoperativity between systems
5. There is a starting point for solving the above problems
Maturity
degree
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
1. None of the methodologies are fully mature if we compare them with the
IEEE Standard
- METHONTOLOGY
- Grüninger & Fox
- Uschold & King
- SENSUS
- Bernaras et alia
2. The proposals are not unified
3. There is one approach that is completly different from the others: SENSUS
4. It is allowed interoperativity between systems
5. There is a starting point for solving the above problems
Maturity
degree
Overview of methdologies for building ontologies Mariano Fernández López
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