Population clustering in genetic programming

Abstract

This paper proposes an approach to reducing the cost of fitness evaluation whilst improving the effectiveness in Genetic Programming (GP). In our approach, the whole population is first clustered by a heuristic called fitness-case-equivalence. Then a cluster representative is selected for each cluster. The fitness value of the representative is calculated on all training cases. The fitness is then directly assigned to other members in the same cluster. Subsequently, a clustering tournament selection method replaces the standard tournament selection method. A series of experiments were conducted to solve a symbolic regression problem, a binary classification problem, and a multi-class classification problem. The experiment results show that the new GP system significantly outperforms the standard GP system on these problems. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006.