Demography is a science short on theory, rich in quantification. Nevertheless, demography has produced one of the best documented generalizations in the social sciences: the demographic transition. What is the demographic transition? Stripped to its…
Demography
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This study summarizes patterns of educational differentials in wanted and unwanted fertility at different stages of the fertility transition. The data are from Demographic and Health Surveys in 57 less developed countries. As the transition…
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A number of recent surveys show that fertility has begun to decline in Botswana, Zimbabwe, Kenya, and southern Nigeria. This study of an urban area in southwest Nigeria confirms a fertility decline and throws on the erosion of traditional supports…
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Over the last several decades, epidemiological studies have been enormously successful in identifying risk factors for major diseases. However, most of this research has focused attention on risk factors that are relatively proximal causes of…
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An analysis of fertility transitions in 69 developing countries since 1960 finds that the relationship between development and pretransitional fertility, the timing of the onset of transitions, and the pace of fertility decline after transition…
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Old-age survival has increased substantially since 1950. Death rates decelerate with age for insects, worms, and yeast, as well as humans. This evidence of extended postreproductive survival is puzzling. Three biodemographic insights-concerning the…
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This article demonstrates that over the period 1948-2003, sex differences in mortality in the age range 50-84 widened and then narrowed on a cohort basis rather than on a period basis. The cohort with the maximum excess of male mortality was born…
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This essay proposes a new analytical framework for the study of the determinants of child survival in developing countries. The approach incorporates both social and biological variables and integrates research methods employed by social and…
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We investigate model independent upper bounds on total proton lifetime in the context of Grand Unified Theories with the Standard Model matter content. We find them to be taup leq 1.5 +0.5-0.3 times 10 39 frac(MX/10 16 (0.003 textrmGeV 3 alpha) 2…
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In June 1986, Population and Development Review published a highly influential article by John Caldwell entitled Routes to Low Mortality in Poor Countries. Amid growing anxiety over decelerating world mortality decline, Caldwell explored social and…
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Much of the literature on fertility transition presumes that birth control is practiced either to limit family size or to space births. This article argues that women also use birth control to postpone pregnancy. Postponement is not synonymous with…
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This paper challenges the widely held and influential view that the fertility transition is largely the consequence of changing parental demand for children brought about by changes in the economic costs and benefits entailed in childbearing. Using…
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Many recent models of society treat certain forms of action as revealing individual intentions, aspirations, or preferences. For example, formal models of fertility decline following Henry and Coale take specific childbearing distributions to…
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"Infant mortality has long been viewed as a synoptic indicator of the health and social condition of a population. In this article we examine critically the structure of this reflective capacity with a particular emphasis on how new health care…
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If the pace of increase in life expectancy in developed countries over the past two centuries continues through the 21st century, most babies born since 2000 in France, Germany, Italy, the UK, the USA, Canada, Japan, and other countries with long…
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Human senescence has been delayed by a decade. This finding, documented in 1994 and bolstered since, is a fundamental discovery about the biology of human ageing, and one with profound implications for individuals, society and the economy.…
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Summary: Background: Malawi, which has about 80000 deaths from AIDS every year, made free antiretroviral therapy available to more than 80000 patients between 2004 and 2006. We aimed to investigate mortality in a population before and after the…
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ESTIMATES OF FERTILITY are among the most widely used demographic statistics. In many developing countries recent levels and trends in fertility are avidly watched by policymakers, family planning program managers, and demographers to determine…
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BACKGROUND: There is an inverse relation between socioeconomic status and mortality. Over the past several decades death rates in the United States have declined, but it is unclear whether all socioeconomic groups have benefited equally. METHODS:…
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Researcher (at an Academic Institution)The Geographical Institute of the Serbian Academy of Sciences -
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