Sebastiaan Luyssaert, E-Detlef Schulze, Annett Börner, Alexander Knohl, Dominik Hessenmöller, Beverly E Law, et al.
inNature(2008)
Old-growth forests remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere at rates that vary with climate and nitrogen deposition. The sequestered carbon dioxide is stored in live woody tissues and slowly decomposing organic matter in litter and soil. Old-growth…
Erez Lieberman, Jean-Baptiste Michel, Joe Jackson, Tina Tang, Martin A NowakinNature(2007)
Human language is based on grammatical rules. Cultural evolution allows these rules to change over time. Rules compete with each other: as new rules rise to prominence, old ones die away. To quantify the dynamics of language evolution, we studied…
Michael E Mann, Zhihua Zhang, Scott Rutherford, Raymond S Bradley, Malcolm K Hughes, Drew Shindell, et al.
inScience(2009)
Global temperatures are known to have varied over the past 1500 years, but the spatial patterns have remained poorly defined. We used a global climate proxy network to reconstruct surface temperature patterns over this interval. The Medieval period…
While studies of surface plasmons on metals have been pursued for decades, the more recent appearance of nanoscience has created a revolution in this field with "Plasmonics" emerging as a major area of research. The direct optical excitation of…
Christopher S Henshilwood, Curtis W MareaninCurrent Anthropology(2003)
Archaeology's main contribution to the debate over the origins of modern humans has been investigating where and when modern human behavior is first recognized in the archaeological record. Most of this debate has been over the empirical record for…
Daniel Pauly, Reg Watson, Jackie AlderinPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London - Series B: Biological Sciences(2005)
This contribution, which reviews some broad trends in human history and in the history of fishing, argues that sustainability, however defined, rarely if ever occurred as a result of an explicit policy, but as result of our inability to access a…
Robert L Axtell, Joshua M Epstein, Jeffrey S Dean, George J Gumerman, Alan C Swedlund, Jason Harburger, et al.
inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America(2002)
Long House Valley in the Black Mesa area of northeastern Arizona (U.S.) was inhabited by the Kayenta Anasazi from about 1800 before Christ to about anno Domini 1300. These people were prehistoric ancestors of the modern Pueblo cultures of the…
Heike K Lotze, Hunter S Lenihan, Bruce J Bourque, Roger H Bradbury, Richard G Cooke, Matthew C Kay, et al.
inScience(2006)
Estuarine and coastal transformation is as old as civilization yet has dramatically accelerated over the past 150 to 300 years. Reconstructed time lines, causes, and consequences of change in 12 once diverse and productive estuaries and coastal seas…
David D Zhang, Peter Brecke, Harry F Lee, Yuan-Qing He, Jane ZhanginProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America(2007)
Although scientists have warned of possible social perils resulting from climate change, the impacts of long-term climate change on social unrest and population collapse have not been quantitatively investigated. In this study, high-resolution…
Michael J Heckenberger, J Christian Russell, Joshua R Toney, Morgan J SchmidtinPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London - Series B: Biological Sciences(2007)
For centuries Amazonia has held the Western scientific and popular imagination as a primordial forest, only minimally impacted by small, simple and dispersed groups that inhabit the region. Studies in historical ecology refute this view. Rather than…
Traditional approaches to the analysis of skeletal representation in faunal assemblages that employ correlation analyses work well when there is a linear or curvilinear relationship or no relationship at all between the variables under…
The expression 'painful' can be used to describe both an embarrassing moment and a cut on the finger. An explanation for this dichotomy can be found in the convoluted history of ideas about pain. Whether pain is an independent sensation and the…
Daniel Pauly, Reg Watson, Jackie AlderinPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London - Series B: Biological Sciences(2005)
This contribution, which reviews some broad trends in human history and in the history of fishing, argues that sustainability, however defined, rarely if ever occurred as a result of an explicit policy, but as result of our inability to access a…
Apart from an early case report from China (13th century) and later artistic contributions, the first observations on insects and other arthropods as forensic indicators were documented in Germany and France during mass exhumations in the late 1880s…
The 1000 yr climatic and environmental history of the Earth contained in various proxy records is reviewed. As indicators, the proxies duly represent local climate. Because each is of a different nature, the results from the proxy indicators cannot…
Patrice This, Thierry Lacombe, Mark R ThomasinTrends in Genetics(2006)
The genomic resources that are available to the grapevine research community have increased enormously during the past five years, in parallel with a renewed interest in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) germplasm resources and analysis of genetic…
James H Barrett, Alison M Locker, Callum M RobertsinProceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences(2004)
The catastrophic impact of fishing pressure on species such as cod and herring is well documented. However, the antiquity of their intensive exploitation has not been established. Systematic catch statistics are only available for ca.100 years, but…
Kerstin S Treydte, Gerhard H Schleser, Gerhard Helle, David C Frank, Matthias Winiger, Gerald H Haug, inNature(2006)
Twentieth-century warming could lead to increases in the moisture-holding capacity of the atmosphere, altering the hydrological cycle and the characteristics of precipitation. Such changes in the global rate and distribution of precipitation may…
This is the first reference work to cover the archaeology of medieval Europe. No other reference can claim such comprehensive coverage - from Ireland to Russia and from Scandinavia to Italy, the archaeology of the entirety of medieval Europe is…
Contents: 1. Introduction , C. M. Woolgar, D. Serjeantson, T. Waldron I: Survey of Foodstuffs: 2. The Consumption of Field Crops in Medieval England , D.J. Stone 3. Gardens and Garden Produce in Later Medieval England, C.C.Dyer 4. The Archaeology of…