The principle objectives of this paper are to emphasize the distinction between error bars (or error bands) for CFD vs. error estimates, and to present further evidence for the adequacy of one method for calculating error bars, the GCI. Also addressed are: the meaning of Uncertainty or error bars for deterministic CFD computations, including the concept of a Publication Ensemble; the implied Uncertainty level of any error estimate; minor criticisms of the AIAA Guide for V&V in CFD; an extended criticism of the Correction Factor approach to Uncertainty calculation; an endorsement of a least-squares approach to error bar calculation; concepts involved in determining conservatism of error bars; heuristic error bars for Richardson Extrapolation (RE) corrected solutions; and recommendations for future work, including obtaining error bars from non-RE-based error estimation, and using MMS to create a database of realistic exact solutions to further evaluate the Factor of Safety used in the GCI and other error bar methods. © 2003 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. All rights reserved.
CITATION STYLE
Roache, P. J. (2003). Error bars for CFD. In 41st Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2003-408
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