Vertebrate cells activate multiple signaling modules upon virus infection to eliminate the invading pathogen and to prevent the establishment of a persistent infection. A major immediate response pathway is controlled by the RNA helicases RIG-I and MDA5, which, after recognition of viral nucleic acids, signal induction of the interferon (IFN)-α/β cytokine family that upregulates numerous antiviral effector proteins. Virulent viruses, in contrast, have learned during co-evolution with their hosts to manipulate or avoid this response in order to prevail in a repulsive environment. Focusing on the influenza viruses and their IFN-antagonistic NS1 proteins, we summarize recent progress in this rapidly evolving field at the intersection of virology and immunobiology involving studies of how viral pathogens induce and sabotage cellular defenses. © 2008 by Walter de Gruyter.
CITATION STYLE
Wolff, T., Zielecki, F., Abt, M., Voss, D., Semmler, I., & Matthaei, M. (2008, October 1). Sabotage of antiviral signaling and effectors by influenza viruses. Biological Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1515/BC.2008.146
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