Ionic Conductors and their Structures

Abstract

Ionic conducting substances and a diffusion mechanism are briefly reviewed. Crystalline materials are classified into three groups of one-, two-and three-dimensional conductors due to their structural characteristics. Structural studies on KxW03 and on yttriastabilized zirconia, Zr(Y)02-X are shown as examples. Ionic conductive glasses are also discussed. 1.‚Í ‚ ¶ ‚ß ‚É •@ ƒCƒI ƒ""` "± ‚𠎦 ‚· •¨ Ž¿ ‚AE‚Í ‚» ‚Ì "d ‹C "` "± ‚ª "d Žq‚Å‚Í ‚È ‚-ƒCƒI ƒ"‚Ì ŠgŽU‚É‹Nˆö ‚· ‚é •¨ Ž¿ ‚ð ‰]‚¤.‚± ‚Ì ‚ae ‚¤‚È •¨ •« ‚ð ‚à ‚Â•¨ Ž¿ ‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚Í ‚» ‚Ì •¨ •« •E•\ '¢ •ã ‚Ì Šî 'b "I ‚ÈOE¤‹ † ‚©‚ç OEÅ 'Ì "d ‰ð Ž¿ ‚AE‚µ ‚Ä ‚Ì ‰ž-p OE¤‹ † ‚É ŽŠ‚é ‚Ü‚Å•• •L ‚-OE¤‹ † ‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é •B ‚± ‚ê ‚ð-•t ‚¯ ‚é ‚à ‚Ì ‚AE‚µ‚Ä1972"N ‚ÉOEÅ 'Ì ' † ‚Å ‚Ì ƒCƒI ƒ" "` "± ‚É ŠÖ‚· ‚é 'ae1‰ñ ‚Ì •' •Û‰ï‹c ‚ª ƒCƒ^ ƒŠƒA‚ÅŠJ •Ã ‚³ ‚ê ‚ÄˆÈ-ˆ•¡ "ú‚É ŽŠ‚é ‚Ü‚Å ‰ñ ‚ð •d ‚Ë ‚Ä ‚¢ ‚é ‚µ, 1980"N ‚É ‚ÍJournal of Solid State Ionics‚AE ‚¢ ‚¤ •ê-å Ž• ‚ªElsevier Science Publishers‚ae ‚è Š §•s ‚³ ‚ê '½ ‚-‚̘_‚̘_ • ¶ ‚ð OEf•Ú ‚µOE»•Ý‚É ŽŠ‚Á‚Ä‚¢ ‚é.‚Ü ‚½,ƒC ƒI ƒ""` "± ‚𠎦 ‚· •¨ Ž¿‚Ì OE‹•» •\ '¢ ‚â •¨ •« ‚ÉŠÖ‚µ ‚Ä ‚à '½ ‚-‚Ì ‰ð •à ‚â •o "Å•¨ ‚ª Š §•s ‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é ‚Ì ‚Å(-á ‚¦ ‚ÎHagenmuller and van Gool (1978), •¬"¡ ‹g˜Y‹g˜Y(1983)7)),‚± ‚± ‚Å‚Í '• •à "I ‚È "à-e‚Í •È ‚«ŠgŽU‚ÉŠÖ‚· ‚éŠÈ'P ‚ȉð•à ‚AEŠô ‚ ‚© ‚Ì ƒCƒI ƒ""` "± ‚𠎦 ‚· OE‹•» ‚É ‚‚¢ ‚Ä‚» ‚Ì •\ '¢ •ã ‚Ì "Á'¥ ‚ð •q ‚× ‚é. 2.Šg ŽU‚Ì ƒ• ƒJƒj ƒYƒ€ •@OE´Žq‚Ì OEÅ 'Ì ' † ‚É ‚¨‚¯‚¨‚¯ ‚éŠgŽU‚Í-Ç‚-'m ‚ç ‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é ‚ae ‚¤‚É(1)2Ží ‚Ì OE´ŽqˆÊ 'u ‚ð 'Š OEÝ ‚É OEðŠ· ‚· ‚é,(2) •Â ‚ ¶‚½ŠÂ•ó ‚Ì OEn"à ‚Ì3-4OE ‚Ì OE´ŽqƒOƒ‹ •[ ƒv ‚ª •z ŠÂ"I ‚ÉˆÊ‚ÉˆÊ 'u ‚ð •Ï ‚¦ ‚é,(3)•³ ‹K ‚ÌˆÊ‚ÌˆÊ 'u ‚É ‚ ‚é OE´Žq ‚ª-ׂè‚Ì ‹ó •E ˆÊ 'u ‚ÉˆÚ ‚é,(4)Ši ŽqŠÔOE"‚É ‚ ‚é OE´Žq ‚ª '¼ ‚Ì Ši ŽqŠÔOE"‚É'¼•ÚˆÚ ‚é,(5)(4)‚ÌˆÚ ‚̈Ú"®‚ð •³ ‹K ‚Ì OE´ŽqˆÊ 'u ‚ð ‰î•Ý ‚µŠÔ•Ú"I ‚É •s ‚¤,(6)‚ ‚éˆê‚éˆê 'è ‚Ì-̈ae ‚ð OE© ‚é ‚AE •³ ‹K‚Ì OE´Žq•" ‚ae ‚è-]•ª ‚Ì OE´Žq ‚ª ‚ ‚è,‚± ‚ê ‚ª 'Š OEÝ ‚É•-‚µ ‚¸‚ˆڂ¸‚ˆÚ"®‚· ‚é ‚± ‚AE‚É ‚ae ‚èOE´ŽqˆÊ 'u ‚ð •Ï ‚¦ ‚é ‚È ‚Ç,‚É ‚ae ‚Á‚Ä•à-¾‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä ‚¢ ‚é. ‚± ‚ê ‚ç ŠgŽU‚Ì ƒ• ƒJ ƒj ƒYƒ€ ‚É ‚Í ‹à '®OE‹•» ‚É'Î ‚µ ‚Ä‚Í Žå ‚AE‚µ ‚ÄOE´Žq ‚Ì •¡-@‚ª,ƒC ƒI ƒ"OE‹•» ‚Å‚Í+,ˆê ƒC ƒI ƒ"‚Ì "z 'u ŠÖOEW ‚É ‚ae ‚é •Ã"d ƒGƒl ƒ‹ ƒM•[‚Ì OEø‰Ê ‚AEƒCƒI ƒ""¼OEa‚̈ö¼OEa‚̈ö Žq ‚AE‚ª ‰e ‹¿ ‚· ‚é ‚± ‚AE‚AE‚È ‚é.•] ‚Á‚Ä ƒCƒI ƒ"OE‹•» ‚É ‚¨‚¯‚¨‚¯ ‚é ƒCƒI ƒ"‚Ì Šg ŽU‚Ì •ê • ‡ ‚É ‚Í •ã ‹L ‚Ì(1),(6)‚ae ‚¤ ‚È ƒ• ƒJ ƒj ƒYƒ€ ‚Í ‹Ç •Š "I ‚È•Ã"d ƒGƒl *'å •ã 'åŠwŽY ‹AE‰È Šw OE¤‹ † •Š