Person-Centered Combinations of Individual, Familial, Neighborhood, and Structural Risk Factors Differentially Relate to Antisocial Behavior and Psychopathology

Abstract

Research highlights risk factors across systems, from person to community, for understanding antisocial behavior. However, limited research used person-centered analyses to investigate how individual, familial, neighborhood, and structural risk factors cluster and relate to antisocial behavior. We applied latent profile analysis to questionnaires and Census-derived data (N = 478; Northeast sample). A five-profile solution fit best (1: Low Risk; 2: Elevated Personality Risk; 3: Elevated Family and Structural Risk; 4: Elevated Personality, Family, and Neighborhood Risk; 5: Elevated Neighborhood and Structural Risk). We compared profiles across questionnaire-based, interview-based, and criminal record outcomes. The Elevated Personality, Family, and Neighborhood Risk profile had the strongest relationship to risky behavior and an antisocial personality disorder diagnosis. The Elevated Neighborhood and Structural Risk profile showed the strongest relationship to number of crimes. These results elucidate patterns of co-occurring risk within-people, across systems, and reveal important commonalities and dissociations among forms of antisocial behavior.