Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma expression in nonmelanoma skin cancers and melanocytes in surrounding skin

Abstract

Background: Immunohistochemistry for preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) has been studied in melanocytic lesions but not nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). This study evaluated PRAME expression in NMSCs and dermoepidermal junction (DEJ) melanocytes in the surrounding skin. Methods: Ninety-nine NMSCs were studied: 23 Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs), 25 well to poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), 14 basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), five basosquamous carcinomas, four sebaceous carcinomas, ten atypical fibroxanthomas, 11 dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and seven leiomyosarcomas. Staining quality was considered low or high intensity. Staining quantity was reported as negative 0%, 1% to 24%, 25% to 50%, and >50%. DEJ melanocyte PRAME expression was recorded. Results: Forty-eight percent of NMSCs showed PRAME expression, mostly low intensity in fewer than 25% of cells. High-intensity expression was noted in one poorly differentiated SCC, six BCCs, and seven MCCs. Only MCCs showed expression in greater than 25% of tumor cells. Focal DEJ melanocytes expressed high-intensity PRAME in 18% of cases, most commonly SCCs (11/23). Conclusions: PRAME is negative or expressed with low intensity in a small percentage of NMSCs, with the exception of some MCC showing high-intensity and diffuse staining. Focal DEJ melanocytes showed high-intensity PRAME reactivity in the skin surrounding some NMSCs.