Blood transfusion therapy in neonates admitted into the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Blood transfusion is associated with potential risks and adverse effects; it is therefore pertinent to ensure that it is given only when it is indicated. The objective of this study is to determine the rate and the indications of blood transfusion in neonates admitted into the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Port Harcourt. METHOD: A prospective study of Neonates admitted into SCBU between January 1st 2003 and December 31st 2004 and who had blood transfusion during their hospitalization was carried out. RESULTS: Preterm babies are more likely to be transfused and are also more likely to receive multiple blood transfusions. Severe neonatal jaundice and severe anaemia are the commonest indication for blood transfusions in the neonates. Exchange blood transfusions (EBTs) were utilized more often than top up transfusions even among preterms. Adverse events were seen more in those that had EBT CONCLUSION: The rate of blood transfusion is still very high among neonates. Concerted efforts should be made to prevent severe neonatal jaundice and severe anaemia and thus reduce the rate of blood transfusion.