Haematological profile of patients with various types of malaria

Abstract

Background: Malaria is a disease that is known to be a life-threatening infectious disease and is associated with calamitous complications in many cases and can have drastic and far-reaching consequences in a population. It is one of the parasitic infectious diseases that may affect haematological parameters. Most common haematological complications associated with malaria are Anemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia and leucopenia. The magnitudes of these changes vary with endemic malaria, background hemoglobinopathy, nutritional status, demographic factors and immunity from malaria. Aim: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the haematological profile of patients infected with malaria. Material and methods: Total 120 malarial positive patients with the cases of haematological disorders were included in this study. From the patient’s Blood samples referred for peripheral blood, the smear was collected in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and were also analyzed for malarial parasites with conventional microscopy. Giemsa stain was used for Peripheral smear and also PCV, Hb and WBCs Total counts, RBC morphology, and WBCs differential count and platelet counts are also done. Result: In this study, the main clinical feature was chill fever. Anaemia was seen in almost all cases of malaria. Leucopenia was seen in 29.17% of cases. The incidence of leucopenia was 29.4% in P. vivax and in P. falciparum was 27.6% and 33.3% in both P. vivax and falciparum. Monocytosis was seen in 48.24% cases of P. vivax and 17.24% cases of P. falciparum and 33.33% of incidence in both P. vivax and falciparum. The significant co-relation between thrombocytopenia and Malaria was found in this study. Conclusion: This study showed that almost all blood components and is a true haematological infectious disease and in P. falciparum substantially higher compared with P. vivax.