Locoregional outcomes in clinical stage IIB breast cancer after neoadjuvant therapy and mastectomy with or without radiation

Abstract

Low rates of locoregional recurrence (LRR) in patients with clinical stage IIB breast cancer (cT2N1 or cT3N0) who undergo neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) and mastectomy have been reported. We aimed to quantify the risk of LRR and the relationship between LRR and potential risk factors in this subset of patients. We conducted a retrospective review of 116 patients with clinical IIB breast cancer who underwent NAT followed by mastectomy +/- postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) between 2000 and 2009. We estimated the rate of LRR by cumulative incidence. The effect of prognostic factors was examined by Gray's test and Fine and Gray's test. Median follow-up: 63 months. Median age: 49. 28.4% cT2N1 and 71.6% cT3N0. 62.1% of tumors were ER+, 22.6% HER2+, 19% triple negative (TN). All patients underwent NAT and mastectomy. The majority of patients (87%) received PMRT; 32.3% were treated to chest wall (CW) only, and 67.7% to CW plus supraclavicular (SCV) field. Compared to cT2N1, patients with cT3N0 disease were more likely to be pN0 (60% vs 27%, P = 0.005). There was no significant relationship between risk of LRR and pathologic complete response (pCR), use of PMRT, RT to SCV field, or TN status, but there was higher risk of LRR in cT2N1 than cT3N0 (HR 6.03, P = 0.015). LRR was more common in cT2N1 than in cT3N0 disease, emphasizing the negative prognostic implication of clinically node-positive presentation.