Promoting Alkane Binding: Crystallization of a Cationic Manganese(I)-Pentane σ-Complex from Solution

Abstract

Transition metal–alkane σ-complexes are key intermediates in C–H activation and, until now, analysis of these species has been restricted to either the solution OR the solid state. Here we present a synthetic methodology that converts Mn2(CO)10 in a noncoordinating solvent environment to [Mn(CO)5]+ at room temperature, and this species binds n-pentane as the strongest interacting ligand available. Three isomers of the n-pentane σ-complexes were studied in detail by solution NMR-spectroscopy at low temperature. Two isomers of [Mn(CO)5(n-pentane)]+ crystallize from solution at room temperature and their structures were determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The oxidation of metal complex dimers in solution to generate reactive metal cations, which bind alkanes as the strongest available ligand, is a new and probably general approach to generate metal-alkane σ-complexes.