Sociocultural and environmental benefits from family orchards in the Central Highlands of Mexico

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze perceptions of agroecosystems in terms of their sociocultural and environmental benefits among owners of family orchards in the State of Mexico's ecological transition zone. A 3-stage methodology was used: 1) geographic characterization of localities and agroecosystems; 2) analysis of social benefits from orchards; 3) analysis of the potential of family orchards and problems encountered. The investigation was conducted in twelve localities belonging to three municipalities in the State of Mexico, using semi-structured interviews complemented by direct observations in the field. Family orchards provide multiple social, environmental, ecological and cultural benefits: they contribute to the wellbeing of families as a rich source of edibles, condiments and ceremonial plants for home consumption, sale or barter. These orchards are also used for small-scale animal breeding as well as for fuelwood, building materials, fencing materials and ornaments. Family orchards should therefore be considered as important agroecosystems, in the knowledge that they function through complex relationships between all their components. The sociocultural and environmental benefits provided by these productive multifunctional agroecosystems could make important contributions to social cohesion and food security strategies for rural families, while also helping to preserve the region's natural resources.