Lung function impairment in patients treated for pulmonary tuberculosis and associated factors in Puducherry, South India

Abstract

Context: After completion of treatment, a proportion of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) (PTB) patients experience lung function impairment (LFI) which can influence their quality of life. Aim: This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of LFI in patients treated for PTB and the associated factors. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients treated for PTB in eight primary health centers in Puducherry. Subjects and Methods: The study was carried out among 118 patients. Those aged 18 and above whose PTB treatment outcomes were declared as cured or completed between 2018 and 2019 were included. Demographic data, respiratory symptoms before TB diagnosis, comorbidities, and chest radiography findings before TB treatment were collected. All participants underwent spirometric tests before and after dilatation with salbutamol nebulization. Statistical Analysis: Multivariable analysis identified smear-negative TB and indoor exposure to biomass for cooking as significant independent risk factors for LFI. Results: Of 118 participants interviewed, 70.3% were male and the median age of the participants was 47.7 years. The prevalence of LFI was 62.7% (95% confidence interval: 53.3-71.4). Conclusion: LFI was frequent in patients treated previously for TB. Creating awareness about the possible LFI among these patients along with the awareness for seeking health care for this condition is the need of the hour.