Direct organogenesis in landrace pineapple induced by 6-benzylaminopurine

Abstract

The production of pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) by conventional methods is limited mainly by the lack of availability of high-yielding suckers. Nevertheless, it has been shown that, through in vitro propagation methodologies such as somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis, it is possible to obtain high-yielding plants in a more efficient and controllable way. The objective of this study was to generate an efficient protocol of micropropagation of landrace pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) for the in vitro multiplication and conservation of this species, the study was carried out in 2021. The morphogenic response of the landrace pineapple was evaluated based on different explants (apical meristem and leaf), grown in Murashige and Skoog (MS) culture medium supplemented with various growth regulators: naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mg L-1), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (1, 2 and 3 mg L-1) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (1, 2 and 4.5 mg L-1), as well as a regulator-free control treatment. The results showed that, of the explants evaluated, the best response was observed in the apical meristem, in which the formation of adventitious shoots was obtained 60 days after induction treatment, when the culture medium was supplemented with BAP at a concentration of 2 mg L-1, obtaining eight shoots/explant. The protocol developed is a key study for the mass propagation of landrace pineapple.