Kidney Transplant Recipient With Multiple Contemporaneous Malignancies Secondary to Muir-Torre Syndrome

Abstract

Muir-Torre Syndrome (MTS) is a rare autosomal-dominant genetic condition linked to germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, resulting in microsatellite instability. It is considered a variant of Lynch syndrome characterized by the association of at least one sebaceous skin tumor and at least one internal malignancy. In addition, it has been shown that a latent phenotype of MTS might be unmasked in transplant organ recipients and immunosuppressed patients. The diagnosis and treatment of such cases require a multidisciplinary approach. Here, we present a case of a kidney transplant recipient who developed multiple sebaceous carcinomas 16 years after kidney transplantation and daily immunosuppressive medication. The patient then developed multiple contemporaneous internal malignancies in the esophagus and colon with metastases to the lung, thyroid, and lymph nodes, all of which were eventually linked to MTS. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of MTS in the Arab world and the first reported case of esophageal cancer in relation to MTS in a transplant recipient. Because patients with MTS have a high tendency of developing malignancies, patients with a strong family history of malignancies, any known mutations, or an immunocompromised status should be included in an extensive screening program. Copyright © 2021, Qudaih et al.