Metformin: An Oral Anti-Hyperglycaemic Agent for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Metformin is one of the safest and most effective first-line glucose-lowering oral drug therapies for overweight and obese type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients, and those with normal kidney function. It is one of the drugs of Biguanide class of anti-diabetic compounds. It prevents the production of hepatic glucose, increases fatty acid oxidation, enhances insulin sensitivity, decreases lipid synthesis, and impedes gluconeogenesis. Sometimes it is used in combination with insulin or other oral medications. It should be used very carefully who have surgery, trauma, heart failure, severe kidney disease, and impaired liver functions. Some patients face side effects of Metformin and they should take it considering possible side effects of it. In this study aspect of Metformin is discussed as a guideline for the proper treatment T2D patients.