Functional Outcomes in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Residing in Southeastern Mexico

Abstract

Background and Objective Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have varied and non-specific clinical presentations that can severely affect their sleep quality and functional outcomes. This study aimed to describe the symptoms of OSA, excessive daytime sleepiness, depression, and sleep quality, and to identify clinical factors associated with poor functional outcomes in OSA patients residing in southeastern Mexico. Methods This is cross-sectional, descriptive study, based on adult patients referred for respiratory polygraphy due to suspected OSA. The functional outcomes sleep questionnaire, Epworth sleepiness scale, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, insomnia severity index, Beck depression inventory, and nasal obstruction symptom evaluation were administrated to all participants. Association, correlation, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed for these instruments using the functional outcomes sleep questionnaire score < 89.5 points as the dependent variable. Results A total of 199 patients with apnea-hypopnea index > 5 h-1 were included. Most were highly symptomatic. Functional outcomes were not associated with the apnea-hypopnea index but were inversely associated with sleepiness, depression, sleep quality and insomnia, regardless of OSA severity. Excessive daytime sleepiness and depression were risk factors for poor functional outcomes (odds ratio [OR]: 7.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.5–16.2; p < 0.001 and OR: 4.5; 95% CI: 2–9.6; p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions Depression and excessive daytime sleepiness are risk factors for impaired functional outcomes in Mexican patients with OSA