The silver of the South Iberian El Argar Culture: A first look at production and distribution

Abstract

More than 700 silver objects are known from the Middle Bronze Age El Argar culture, which contrasts significantly with the rest of Bronze Age Europe, where silver is mostly rare. This has traditionally been explained by the difficulties of extracting silver from complex ores by cupellation and the relative abundance of easily accessible occurrences of native silver and silver chlorides in the south of the Iberian peninsula. However, until now in the Iberian Bronze Age the use of native silver has only been inferred by the absence of evidence of cupellation. The results of trace element analysis of a series of silver objects from several Argaric settlements reveal for the first time positive evidence for the use of native silver. Lead isotope analyses show that hardly any of the objects were made of silver from known and characterised mining districts.