Bioprospecting of Bacterial Endophytes from Curcuma aeruginosa, Curcuma xanthorrhiza and Curcuma zedoariaas Antibacterial Against Pathogenic Bacteria

Abstract

Bacterial endophytes live in plant tissue and produce secondary metabolites that potentially have antimicrobial properties. The purpose of this research was to determine the beneficial role of endophytic bacteria isolated from three different local plants namely, TemuIreng (Curcuma aeruginosa), Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) and TemuPutih (Curcuma zedoaria) as the potent antibacterial agent against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Klebsiella pneumoniae and Citrobacter freundii. The study used descriptive method that includes isolation, identification of bacterial endophytes and their biological activity as antibacterial. A total of six endophytic bacteria have been successfully isolated and identified from the three different plants. They were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus cereus from TemuIreng, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Lysinibacillus sphaericus from Temulawak, as well as Bacillus sp.1 and Bacillus sp.2 from TemuPutih. Antibacterial activity test showed that B. amyloliquefaciens from Temulawak exhibited 16 and 8 mm inhibition zone against MRSA and K. pneumonia bacteria, respectively. Whereas Bacillus sp.1 and Bacillus sp.2 from TemuPutih can only inhibit K. pneumoniae bacteria with 7 mm inhibitory zone.