The Constituents and Potential Targets of the Extracellular Matrix:Implications for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Treatment

Abstract

The dense extracellular matrix consists of a multitude of proteins with important implications in tumorogenesis that extend beyond the maintenance of tissue integrity. Several of the main macromolecular constituents- proteoglycans, collagens, integrins, and syndecans will be discussed in this review, with particular attention to their roles in tumor initiation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. In addition, a brief synopsis of the role of enzymes that remodel the extracellular matrix will be provided. Finally, specific examples of targeted molecular therapies: anti-integrin agents, MMP inhibitors, and hyaluronidase will be discussed.